Byron D. Poirrier, Junior v. Lannie Denoux and Bernice Denoux, and insurer, Centauri Specialty Insurance Company

NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION

4WSTATE OF LOUISIANA

COURT OF APPEAL
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FIRST CIRCUIT
7s,

NUMBER 2019 CA 1084

BYRON D. POIRRIER, JUNIOR

VERSUS

LANNIE DENOUX AND BERNICE DENOUX, AND INSURER,
CENTAURI SPECIALTY INSURANCE COMPANY

Judgment Rendered: SEP 18 2020

Appealed from the
Twenty -Third Judicial District Court
In and for the Parish of Ascension
State of Louisiana
Docket Number 120, 1: 79

Honorable Alvin Turner, Judge Presiding

x Yxx9ex ex x9cirx

Vercell Fiffie Counsel for Plaintiff/Appellant,
Edgard, LA Stacie Gravois

Charles Rumbley Counsel for Defendants/ Appellees,
James P. Nader Lannie Denoux, Bernice Denoux and
Sarah H. Didlake Centauri Specialty Insurance Co.
New Orleans, LA

BEFORE: WHIPPLE, C.J., GUIDRY, AND WOLFE, JJ.

WHIPPLE, C.J.

This matter is before us on appeal by plaintiff, Byron D. Poirrier, Jr., from a

judgment of the trial court, granting summary judgment in favor of defendants,

Lannie Denoux, Bernice Denoux, and Centauri Specialty Insurance Company, and

For the reasons
dismissing plaintiffs claims against defendants with prejudice.'

that follow, we affirm.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

On November 15, 2016, Mr. Poirrier was painting soffit and performing

repairs on Lannie and Bernice Denoux' s home when he slipped and fell while

descending a ladder from their roof. Thereafter, Mr. Poirrier filed a petition for

damages sustained as a result of this accident against the Denouxs and their

homeowner' s insurance carrier, Centauri Specialty Insurance Company. Mr.

Poirrier averred that the accident was caused by a defect in the ladder provided by

the defendants and the defendants' failure to maintain their premises in a

reasonably safe condition. Mr. Poirrier further contended that as a result of this

accident, he sustained a fracture to his lumbar vertebra, which required him to

endure several surgeries and rendered him unable to work.

The defendants answered the petition and asserted affirmative defenses,

averring that the sole cause of the accident was the negligence or fault of Mr.
Poirrier. The defendants thereafter filed a motion for summary judgment seeking

dismissal of plaintiff' s claims against them, contending that plaintiff cannot

establish that the defendants were negligent or at fault in any way. In support of

their motion, the defendants attached excerpts of Mr. Poirrier' s October 24, 2018

deposition, a copy of plaintiff's petition for damages, and the affidavits of Lannie

and Bernice Denoux.

Following the lodging of this appeal, Mr. Poirrier died. Pursuant to an interim order of
this court, this matter was remanded to the trial court to conduct proceedings to substitute a
proper party for Mr. Poirrier. A judgment was ultimately signed substituting Mr. Poirrier' s
sister, Stacie Gravois, as plaintiff in his stead.
2

Plaintiff opposed the motion for summary judgment, contending that Mr.

Denoux " bumped" the ladder when passing under it with his walker while Mr.

Poirrier was on the roof, thus repositioning the ladder and causing Mr. Poirrier to

slip and fall off while attempting to descend from the roof on the ladder. Plaintiff
argued that genuine issues of material fact exist as to whether the defendants'

conduct caused plaintiff to fall, precluding summary judgment. However, plaintiff

offered no documents in support of his opposition.

The motion for summary judgment was heard on June 10, 2019. 1 The

defendants argued that plaintiff could not establish any negligence on behalf of the

defendants, relying on the excerpts of Mr. Poirrier' s deposition testimony that he
inspected the ladder for two to three minutes before using it to climb up to the roof;

that he denied claiming the ladder was defective; that he fell because he slipped on

some acorns, which caused the ladder to fall; that he did not think that the

defendants could have done anything to prevent his injury, including, in particular,

that he did not think the defendants could have done anything to prevent acorns

from falling on the roof during the time he was on the roof; and that he did not see

Mr. Denoux bump into the ladder and was not aware if Mr. Denoux did bump into
the ladder. The defendants further relied on Mr. Denoux' s affidavit testimony that

he did not touch or come into contact with the ladder used by Mr. Poirrier to access

the roof at any time on the day of the accident.

At the hearing, plaintiff attempted to rebut this showing by moving to

introduce Mr. Poirrier' s entire deposition, as well as the deposition of Mr. Denoux.

The defendants' motion for summary judgment was filed on December 3, 2018, and
initially set for hearing on February 11, 2019. Thereafter, plaintiff filed three motions to
continue in order to allow him to obtain the defendants' depositions. On January 31, 2019,
plaintiff filed a motion to continue and the matter was reset for April 8, 2019. On April 8, 2019,
plaintiff filed a second motion to continue and the matter was reset for May 13, 2019. On May
7, 2019, plaintiff filed a third motion to continue, which was granted over the objection of
defendants, and the hearing was reset for June 10, 2019, at which time the matter was ultimately
heard.

k

Plaintiff argued that the depositions were admissible pursuant to LSA-C. C.P, art.

1450( A)(4). The defendants objected to their admission as untimely citing LSA-

C. C. P. art. 966( B)( 2), which requires that all documents in support of the

opposition to the motion for summary judgment be filed and served not less than

fifteen days prior to the summary judgment hearing. The trial court sustained the

defendants' objections but allowed plaintiff to proffer the depositions.

At the conclusion of the hearing, the trial court granted summary judgment

in favor of the defendants. A judgment granting the defendants' motion and

dismissing plaintiff's claims was signed by the trial court on July 9, 2019.

Pursuant to plaintiff's request, the trial court issued written reasons for judgment,

finding that plaintiff failed to produce any evidence to support his contention that

Mr. Denoux caused the accident by " bumping" the ladder with his walker while

plaintiff was on the roof, thereby repositioning the ladder and causing plaintiff to

fall. The trial court concluded that plaintiff failed to produce any factual support to

establish the existence of a genuine issue of material fact.

Plaintiff then filed the instant appeal.

DISCUSSION

On appeal, plaintiff contends that the trial court erred in not allowing the

admission of deposition testimony at the hearing on the motion for summary

judgment, which purportedly established the presence of material issues of fact.

The summary judgment procedure is designed to secure the just, speedy, and

inexpensive determination of every action, except those disallowed by Article 969.

The procedure is favored and shall be construed to accomplish these ends.

3
LSA- C. C.P. art. 966( A)(2). A motion for summary judgment shall be granted

3Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure article 966 was amended and reenacted by La. Acts
2015, No. 422, § 1, effective January 1, 2016, to provide for certain procedures at the hearing on
a motion for summary judgment, to provide for the filing and consideration of certain
documents, and to provide for the burden of proof.

El

only if the motion, memorandum, and supporting documents show there is no

genuine issue as to material fact and that the mover is entitled to judgment as a

matter of law. LSA-C. C. P. art. 966( A)(3).

A summary judgment may be rendered or affirmed only as to those issues

set forth in the motion under consideration by the court at that time. LSA- C. C. P.

art. 966( F). The burden of proof is on the mover. See LSA-C. C. P. art. 966( D)( 1).

However, if the mover will not bear the burden of proof at trial on the matter

before the court on the motion, the mover' s burden does not require that all

essential elements of the adverse party' s claim, action, or defense be negated.

Instead, the mover must point out to the court that there is an absence of factual

support for one or more elements essential to the adverse parry' s claim, action, or

defense. Thereafter, the adverse party must produce factual evidence sufficient to

establish that he will be able to satisfy his evidentiary burden of proof at trial. If

the adverse party fails to meet this burden, there is no genuine issue of material

fact, and the mover is entitled to summary judgment as a matter of law. LSA-

C. C. P. art. 966( D)( 1). The court may consider only those documents filed in

support of or in opposition to the motion for summary judgment and shall consider

any documents to which no objection is made. LSA-C. C. P. art. 966( D)(2).

A fact is material if it potentially ensures or precludes recovery, affects a

litigant' s ultimate success, or determines the outcome of the legal dispute. Larson

v. XYZ Insurance Company, 2016- 0745 ( La. 5/ 3/ 17), 226 So. 3d 412, 416.

Whether a particular fact in dispute is material can be seen only in light of the

substantive law applicable to the case. Bryant v. Premium Food Concepts, Inc.,

2016- 0770 ( La. App. I" Cir. 4/ 26117), 220 So. 3d 79, 82, writ denied, 2017- 0873

La. 9/ 29/ 17), 227 So. 3d 288. In determining whether summary judgment is

appropriate, appellate courts review evidence de novo under the same criteria that

R

govern the trial court' s determination of whether summary judgment is

appropriate. Reynolds v. Bordelon, 2014- 2371 ( La. 6/ 30/ 15), 172 So. 3d 607, 610.

Plaintiff contends that Mr. Poirrier' s deposition was admissible at the

summary judgment hearing pursuant to the general provisions governing the use of

depositions, as set forth in LSA-C. C.P. art. 1450( A)(4), which states that "[ a] t the

trial or upon the hearing of a motion or an interlocutory proceeding," ... "[ i] f only

part of a deposition is offered in evidence by a party, an adverse party may require

him to introduce any other part[,] which, in fairness, should be considered with the

part introduced, and any party may introduce any other parts." Plaintiff argues that

pursuant to LSA-C. C. P. art. 1450( A)(4), the trial court was " required" to admit Mr.

Poirrier' s deposition at the hearing, where excerpts of Mr. Poirrier' s deposition

were previously submitted in support of the defendants' motion for summary

judgment.

We disagree. The rules governing the summary judgment procedure are

codified in LSA-C. C. P. arts. 966 and 967. Jordan v. Community Care Hospital,

The time
2019- 0039, 2019- 0040 ( La. App. 4" Cir. 7/ 24/ 19), 276 So. 3d 564, 574.

delays for filing opposing documents in a summary judgment proceeding are very

specific and are governed by LSA-C. C. P. art. 966( B)( 2), which provides that

u] nless extended by the court and agreed to by all of the parties, [... ] [ a] ny

opposition to the motion and all documents in support of the opposition shall be

filed and served in accordance with Article 1313 not less than fifteen days prior to

the hearing on the motion." ( Emphasis added). The word " shall" is mandatory.

LSA-C. C. P. art. 5053.

Moreover, although we recognize that where there is a conflict between two

statutory provisions, the statute more specifically directed to the matter at issue
must prevail over the statute that is more general in character, Board of Ethics In re

Davies, 2010- 1339 ( La. App. 1st Cir. 12/ 22/ 10), 55 So. 3d 918, 928- 929 ( on

0

rehearing). However, on review, we are not convinced that LSA-C. C. P. art. 966

and LSA-C. C. P. art. 1450 actually conflict. Rather, we find that these statutes

contemplate the submission of depositions in different proceedings. A careful

reading of LSA-C.C. P. art. 1450( A) indicates that this provision applies in

proceedings where the parties are actually permitted to introduce depositions into

evidence "[ alt the trial or [... I hearing." ( Emphasis added. )4

However, in a summary judgment proceeding, while a deposition is one of

the listed documents that a party can " file" in support of or in opposition to the

motion, see LSA-C. C.P. art. 966(A)(4), 5 the language set forth in LSA-C. C. P. art.

966( B)( 1)-( 3) establishes specific time periods for filing or opposing motions for

summary judgment and makes clear that all motions, memoranda, and supporting

documents " shall be filed and served" on all parties " not less than fifteen days

prior to the hearing on the motion" "[ u]nless extended by the court and agreed to

by all parties." ( Emphasis added.) See LSA-C. C. P. art. ( B)( 2) and LSA- C. C. P. art.

966, 2015 Official Comments, Comment ( d). Thus, when a deposition is used for

the purpose of supporting or opposing a motion for summary judgment, it must be

filed according to the guidelines set forth in LSA-C.C.P. art. 966( B). Accordingly,

we reject plaintiff's argument that the trial court was required to admit Mr.

Poirrier' s deposition at the summary judgment hearing pursuant to LSA- C. C.P. art.

1450.

This court has held that LSA- C. C. P. art. 966( B) mandates that an opposition

to a motion for summary judgment, along with all documents in support of the

opposition, be filed and served no less than fifteen days prior to the hearing on the

4" lf only part of a deposition is offered in evidence by a party, an adverse party may
require him to introduce any other part which, in fairness, should be considered with the part
introduced, and any party may introduce any other parts." LSA-C. C. P. art. 1450( A)(4).
Emphasis added.)

5Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure article 966( A)(4) provides that "[ t] he only documents
that may be filed in support of or in opposition to the motion are pleadings, memoranda,
affidavits, depositions, answers to interrogatories, certified medical records, written stipulations,
and admissions."

7

motion. See Ramus v. KCJS Trucking LLC, 2019- 0041, 2019- 0042 ( La. App. I"

Cir. 9/ 27/ 19), 288 So. 3d 869, 874- 75; Raborn v. Albea, 16- 1468 ( La. App. 1St Cir.

5/ 11/ 17), 221 So. 3d 104, 112. Because the time limitations established by LSA-

C. C.P. art. 966(B) for the filing and serving of evidence in opposition to a motion

for summary judgment are mandatory, evidence not timely filed can be ruled

inadmissible and properly excluded by the trial court. See Bugggge v. Volks

Constructors, 2006- 0175 ( La. 5/ 5/ 06), 928 So. 2d 536, 536 ( per curiam).6

In the instant case, plaintiff filed a memorandum in opposition to the motion

for summary judgment and a response to defendants' uncontested statement of

facts on June 3, 2019, seven days before the hearing. The trial court' s reasons for

judgment indicate that although filed untimely, the court nonetheless considered

plaintiff' s opposition memorandum. However, plaintiff did not file and serve any

documents in support of his opposition until his appearance at the summary

judgment hearing, where his attempt to introduce the depositions was met with

objections by the defendants. After considering the objections, the trial court

concluded that the evidence was not filed in accordance with LSA-C. C. P. art.

966( B) and, therefore, was inadmissible.

Where the opposition evidence was not filed at least fifteen days prior to the

hearing in accordance with LSA-C. C.P. art. 966( B), we are unable to say the trial

court erred in rejecting it as untimely. See Ramus v. KCJS Trucking, LLC, 288

So. 3d at 874- 75; Raborn v. Albea, 221 So. 3d at 112. Because the trial court may

only consider documents filed in support of or in opposition to the motion, plaintiff

failed to meet his burden of producing factual evidence sufficient to establish that

6In Buggaae, the Louisiana Supreme Court reversed the ruling of the court of appeal and
reinstated the judgment of the trial court, holding that the trial court acted within its discretion in
excluding an opposition to a motion for summary judgment filed a few minutes before the
scheduled hearing on the motion. Buggage v. Volks Constructors, 928 So. 2d at 536. In doing
so, the Supreme Court noted that the time limitations established by LSA-C. C. P. art. 966( B),
which, at that time, was eight days prior to the hearing, are mandatory and evidence not timely
filed can be ruled inadmissible and properly excluded by the trial court.

he will be able to satisfy his evidentiary burden of proof at trial. See LSA-C. C. P.

art. 966( D)( 1) & ( 2).

Accordingly, we find no error in the trial court' s refusal to consider the

proffered evidence or in its decision to grant the defendants' motion for summary

judgment. See Buggage v. Volks Constructors, 928 So. 2d at 536.

CONCLUSION

For the above and foregoing reasons, the July 9, 2019 judgment, granting
defendants' motion for summary judgment and dismissing plaintiffs claims

against defendants, with prejudice, is hereby affirmed. Costs of this appeal are

assessed to plaintiff/appellant, Stacie Gravois.

AFFIRMED.

G,