Kayla E'Lana Watson v. Daniel Christopher Banguel

NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION

STATE OF LOUISIANA
COURT OF APPEAL
FIRST CIRCUIT

2020 CA 0799R

KAYLA E' LANA WATSON

k VERSUS

DANIEL CHRISTOPHER BANGUEL

Judgment rendered. OCT 19 2022

On Appeal from the
Nineteenth Judicial District Court
In and for the Parish of East Baton Rouge
State of Louisiana
No. C692986, Sec. 22

The Honorable Timothy E. Kelley, Judge Presiding

Kayla E' Lana Watson Plaintiff/Appellee
Baton Rouge, Louisiana In proper person

Beau James Brock Attorneys for Defendant/Appellant
Lori E. Palmintier Daniel Christopher Banguel
Baton Rouge, Louisiana

BEFORE: McDONALD, HOLDRIDGE, AND PENZATO, JJ.

HOLDRIDGE, J.

Defendant, Daniel Christopher Banguel, appeals a judgment granting

plaintiff, Kayla E' Lana Watson, a protective order. We affirm.

BACKGROUND

On January 17, 2020, Ms. Watson filed a Petition for Protection From

Stalking pursuant to La. R. S. 46: 2171 against Mr. Banguel. In the petition, Ms.

Watson asserted that Mr. Banguel engaged in the following behaviors constituting

stalking: ( 1) uninvited presence at her workplace; ( 2) uninvited presence at other

places; ( 3) made or sent telephone calls, texts, or emails to her; ( 4) sent messages

to her by a third party; and ( 5) implied or threatened her with sexual assault. When

asked to describe the circumstances of stalking, Ms. Watson alleged that on

January 5, 2020, at approximately 7: 50 p.m., she saw a silver Malibu with big rims

and tinted windows outside of her place of work as she was preparing to leave for

the evening. Ms. Watson stated that the car looked familiar to her. Ten minutes

later, Ms. Watson ran to her car and drove off, then turned her vehicle around in an

attempt to see the license plate of the Malibu, but was unable to do so because the

Malibu had left and was travelling in the opposite direction. Ms. Watson then

called the Baton Rouge Police Department, which advised her to obtain a

restraining order. When asked to describe " past incidents" in the petition, Ms.

Watson claimed that Mr. Banguel sexually assaulted her on October 17, 2019. She

further stated that she was concerned that Mr. Banguel' s presence at her place of

employment was a retaliation or a means to frighten her for having filed charges

with the New Orleans Police Department in connection with the alleged sexual

assault.

On January 21, 2020, the trial court issued a temporary restraining order

against Mr. Banguel, finding that the allegations of the petition constituted an

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immediate and present danger of stalking. The temporary restraining order was

effective through February 12, 2020.

On February 5, 2020, a hearing was held, during which Ms. Watson and Mr.

Banguel testified. Following the conclusion of the trial, the trial court determined

that Ms. Watson' s testimony was credible and that she was entitled to a protective

order.
The protective order, issued by the trial court on February 5, 2020, pursuant

to La. R.S. 46: 2171 et seq., ordered Mr. Banguel not to harass, stalk, follow, track,

monitor, threaten, or attempt to contact Ms. Watson personally or through a third

party by any means. Mr. Banguel was ordered to not go within 100 yards of Ms.

Watson and to stay away from any place where Ms. Watson may be working. Mr.

Banguel was ordered to pay court costs. The protective order was set to expire on

February 5, 2021.

Mr. Banguel, who at the time was representing himself, filed a motion for a

judgment notwithstanding the verdict or a new trial. Specifically, he asserted that

Ms. Watson' s stalking claim was premised on two incidents: ( 1) the October 17,

2019 alleged sexual assault and ( 2) the presence of an unidentified vehicle parked

outside of her place of employment. Mr. Banguel asserted that Ms. Watson failed

to provide any credible basis to authenticate to whom the vehicle belonged or who

was in the vehicle. On February 12, 2020, the trial court denied the motion. Mr.

Banguel filed a motion for a suspensive appeal. Initially, the trial court granted

Mr. Banguel a devolutive appeal; however, on May 22, 2020, the trial court

granted Mr. Banguel a suspensive appeal from the February 5, 2020 judgment.

In the appeal, a divided panel of this court dismissed the appeal as moot

upon finding that the expiration of the protective order during the pendency of the

appeal deprived this court of subject matter jurisdiction over the appeal. Watson

v. Banguel, 2020- 0799 ( La. App. 1" Cir. 9/ 30/ 21), 2021 WL 4465839. The

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Louisiana Supreme Court granted writs and remanded the matter to this court for a

full consideration of the merits of the appeal. Watson v. Banguel, 2021- 01793

La. 2/ 8/ 22), 332 So.3d 632 ( per curiam).

DISCUSSION

Our review of the record in this case reveals the following: Ms. Watson

testified that Mr. Banguel sexually assaulted her on October 17, 2019, when the

two shared a motel room. Ms. Watson testified that she and Mr. Banguel, both law

students, met in the summer of 2019, but denied having a romantic relationship
with Mr. Banguel. In October 2019, Ms. Watson had scheduled an early flight out

of New Orleans, and Mr. Banguel offered to drive her to New Orleans. They

planned to stay the night in a hotel room, which Mr. Banguel obtained. Although

it was undisputed that Mr. Banguel and Ms. Watson did share a bed on the evening

of October 17, 2019, they gave differing accounts of what transpired that evening.

Ms. Watson testified that after they studied for a while, she took a shower

and went to bed; later, Mr. Banguel got in the bed. Ms. Watson stated that she was

awoken on three separate occasions. On the first, Ms. Watson felt Mr. Banguel

touching and rubbing her; she told him to stop. A second time, Ms. Watson awoke

when Mr. Banguel was touching her " intimate areas." Again, Ms. Watson told him

to stop touching her. On the third occasion, Ms. Watson awoke and felt something

inside of her vagina. Ms. Watson testified that Mr. Banguel ripped the jumpsuit

she was wearing, and she got out of the bed, packed her things, and got a ride to

the airport. Ms. Watson stated that she did not call police to report the alleged

sexual assault that evening, but did report it when she arrived in Georgia, where a

rape test was performed on her. Ms. Watson stated that she was unsure of the

results of that test, but believed that the information was sent to the New Orleans

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Police Department. She also indicated that she had been in contact with a detective

in New Orleans who was investigating the alleged rape.

Ms. Watson testified that soon after she left the hotel, Mr. Banguel

continued to telephone her, although she did not answer his calls. She stated that

she texted him asking " What," to which he responded by asking why she was

leaving the room that morning. Ms. Watson and Mr. Banguel offered into

evidence text messages identified as having been exchanged by the two after Ms.

Watson left the hotel room. In one text, Mr. Banguel asked Ms. Watson if she

wanted something from the grocery, and she responded, " What!" Mr. Banguel

then asked if she was " ok"
and what was wrong; Ms. Watson replied "[ l] eave me

alone. You know what you did." Mr. Banguel then asked what he did, as he was

confused. Ms. Watson responded that she did not think he would risk his life and

profession like that, but she could see he did not care. Mr. Banguel then asked

what she meant by that and what she was talking about, and inquired whether she

made it to the airport. On the evening of October 24, 2019, Mr. Banguel sent Ms.

Watson an electronic communication asking to speak to her.

Mr. Banguel testified that he and Ms. Watson did not have sex when they

shared a bed in the hotel room, and he denied making any advances toward her.

He testified that although he was supposed to drive Ms. Watson to the airport, she

left the hotel room at 3: 54 a.m. after discovering Mr. Banguel sat next to her ex-

boyfriend in class without telling her. Mr. Banguel admitted sending Ms. Watson

an Instagram message the following week asking to talk to her.

Regarding the incident in question, Ms. Watson testified that she worked at a

warehouse near the Baton Rouge Metropolitan Airport. She stated that on January

5, 2020, a Sunday, at about 7: 50 p. m., she looked outside of the door of her

workplace and saw a silver Malibu with large rims and tinted windows sitting in
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the parking lot in front of the warehouse. She stated that the car looked familiar to

her and explained that the presence of the car made her nervous because there were

no other cars in the parking lot and typically there was not much traffic in the area.

Ms. Watson testified that she did recognize the vehicle as Mr. Banguel' s vehicle.

After seeing the vehicle, Ms. Watson ran to her vehicle and left, but ended up

turning around, and as she turned around, the Malibu was leaving, and because

they were both approaching the curb in opposite directions, she was unable to see

the vehicle' s license plate. Ms. Watson admitted that she could not see who was

driving the Malibu at the time and could only say that she had seen that Malibu

before. Ms. Watson testified that she called the police department and advised that

someone was stalking her; she was told to go to the nearest police station. Ms.

Watson then went to the police station, where she was informed that she would

have to wait until the next day to file for a protective order.

Mr. Banguel denied going to Ms. Watson' s place of employment on January

5, 2020. Mr. Banguel testified that he attended his daughter' s birthday party that

afternoon at a bowling alley, did not leave the party until 7: 25 p. m. that evening,

and drove his son to his home in Sherwood Forest Subdivision thereafter. Mr.

Banguel offered a photo of him and his family bearing a date and time stamp of

January 5, 2020 at 6: 32 p. m. into evidence. He also denied ever having stalked

Ms. Watson and acknowledged that lie was never questioned by law enforcement

regarding the alleged sexual assault of Ms. Watson.

Ms. Watson obtained a protective order pursuant to La. R.S. 46:2171, et

seq., known as the " Protection from Stalking Act." Under this Act, " stalking"

means any act which would constitute the crime of stalking under La. R.S. 14: 40.2.

La. R.S. 46: 2172. Louisiana Revised Statute 14: 40. 2 defines the crime of stalking

as "
the intentional and repeated following or harassing of another person that

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would cause a reasonable person to feel alarmed or to suffer emotional distress."

At a hearing on a protective order, the petitioner must prove the allegations by a

preponderance of the evidence. Head v. Robichaux, 2018- 0366 ( La. App. 1St Cir.

1112118), 265 So.3d 813, 816; Patterson v. Charles, 2019- 0333 ( La. App. 0 Cir,
9/ 11/ 19), 282 So. 3d 1075, 1083. Proof is sufficient to constitute a preponderance

of the evidence, for the purposes of a protective order, when the entirety of the

evidence, both direct and circumstantial, shows that the fact sought to be proved is

more probable than not. Head v. Robichaux, 265 So. 3d at 816.

A trial court' s decision to issue a protective order is reversible only upon a

showing of an abuse of discretion. Head v. Robichaux, 265 So. 3d at 817.

Moreover, the trial court, sitting as a trier of fact is in the best position to evaluate

the demeanor of the witnesses, and its credibility determinations will not be

overturned in the absence of manifest error. Id.; Scott v. Hogan, 2017- 1716 ( La.

App. 15t Cir. 7/ 18/ 18), 255 So. 3d 24, 31.

Mr. Banguel contends that the trial court failed to properly apply the legal

definition of "stalking" as well as applicable and controlling jurisprudence in this

case, which resulted in the trial court' s erroneous issuance of the protective order.

He insists that the trial court abused its discretion and committed manifest error in

granting the protective order because the testimony and evidence adduced at trial

failed to establish the legal elements of stalking. Mr. Banguel maintains that the

single incident on January 5, 2020, does not meet the legal definition of stalking,

and submits that the trial court abused its discretion in finding there were two or

more instances of stalking after Ms. Watson told him to leave her alone. He asserts

that there was no " pattern of conduct" instigated by him, even though he and Ms.

Watson attended law school together. He points out that the only communications

between the two were brief and occurred shortly after Ms. Watson left the hotel

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room and once again the following week. Furthermore, Mr. Banguel argues, the

evidence was insufficient to prove that he was the person operating the vehicle

involved in the January 5, 2020 incident.

After reviewing the record in its entirety, we find the trial court did not

abuse its discretion in granting Ms. Watson the protective order in this case. The

trial court weighed the evidence and the credibility of the witnesses in finding that

Ms. Watson proved the allegations of stalking by a preponderance of the evidence.

Where, as in this case, two permissible views of the evidence exist, the factfinder' s

choice between them cannot be manifestly erroneous or clearly wrong. See

Stobart v. State, Department of Transportation and Development, 617 So. 2d

880, 882 ( La. 1993). Therefore, the trial court' s judgment granting the protective

order is affirmed.

CONCLUSION

For the foregoing reasons, the judgment appealed from is affirmed. All

costs in this matter are assessed to appellant, Daniel Christopher Banguel.

AFFIRMED.

NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION

STATE OF LOUISIANA

COURT OF APPEAL

FIRST CIRCUIT

2020 CA 0799R

KAYLA E' LANA WATSON

VERSUS

DANIEL CHRISTOPHER BANGUEL

cDonald, J., dissenting.

I respectfully dissent from the majority opinion as the statutes defining

stalking, La. R.S. 14: 40.2, require repetitive actions that I do not believe to be present

in this case. The car that Ms. Watson saw outside of her place of employment was

similar to Mr. Banguel' s car, but she could not identify it as Mr. Banguel' s car, nor

could she identify Mr. Banguel as the driver of the car. Thus, Ms. Watson could not

show that it was Mr. Banguel that was outside of her place of employment on

January 5, 2020.