Standard Mortgage Company v. Gary Dubois Bey, individually and as Trustee of the GDB Family Trust

STATE OF LOUISIANA

COURT OF APPEAL

FIRST CIRCUIT

2020 CA 0978

STANDARD MORTGAGE COMPANY

VERSUS

GARY DUBOIS BEY, INDVIDUALLY AND AS TRUSTEE OF THE GDB
FAMILY TRUST

Judgment rendered: MAY 2 7 2021

On Appeal from the
Nineteenth Judicial District Court
In and for the Parish East Baton Rouge
State of Louisiana
No. 682389, Division " O" Section 25

The Honorable Wilson E. Fields, Judge Presiding

Stacy C. Wheat Attorneys for Plaintiff/Appellee
Louis Graham Arceneaux Standard Mortgage Company
Foerstner G. Meyer
New Orleans, Louisiana

Gary Dubois Bey In Proper Person

Zachary, Louisiana

BEFORE: McDONALD, HOLDRIDGE, AND PENZATO, JJ.

HOLDRIDGE, J.

In this foreclosure proceeding, the defendant, Gary Dubois Bey,'

individually and as trustee of the GDB Family Trust, appeals a judgment of the

trial court that denied his request for a permanent injunction. For the following

reasons, we dismiss the appeal as moot.

FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

On April 28, 2017, the defendant executed a promissory note in the sum of

190, 486. 00 payable to Primelending, a Plainscapital Company, who assigned the

note and mortgage to Standard Mortgage Corporation ( Standard). The promissory

note was secured by property located in Zachary, Louisiana. On March 14, 2018,

the defendant recorded a quitclaim deed purporting to convey the secured property

to the GDB Family Trust with the defendant acting as the trustee. The defendant

defaulted on the note on September 1, 2018. Thereafter, Standard commenced a

foreclosure proceeding against the defendant by filing a petition for executory

process in East Baton Rouge Parish. Standard attached the original note to its

petition along with a certified copy of the mortgage recorded in the mortgage

records of East Baton Rouge Parish. Pursuant to Standard' s request, the trial court

ordered the issuance of a writ of seizure and sale that commanded the sheriff to

seize and sell the mortgaged property. The writ of seizure was issued on July 17,

2019, and a notice of seizure of the property was recorded in East Baton Rouge

Parish on July 23, 2019.

On October 259 2019, the defendant filed a " Preliminary Injunction."' The

defendant argued that Standard did not have standing to file a foreclosure

proceeding against him because the original promissory note was not made payable

1 We note that the record reflects that the defendant is Nixkamich Eluwilussit, formerly known as
Gary Dubois Bey.

Z On October 31, 2019, the defendant filed an addendum to his preliminary injunction request,
which appears to be an order for the trial court to sign.

2

to Standard. On October 30, 2019, the property was sold at a sheriff' s sale. On

December 26, 2019, Standard filed a memorandum in opposition to the defendant' s

request for preliminary injunction, asserting that it properly filed a petition for

executory process in this case and fulfilled " all requirements of Louisiana law."

Standard argued that it was the defendant' s burden to establish any defect with the

executory process and the defendant failed to do so. The defendant " failed to file

any memorandum in support of the request for [ i] njunction and there [ was] no

legal basis set forth in the [ p] etition." Standard further argued that the defendant

neither alleged nor proved any irreparable injury in this matter. Therefore,

Standard argued that the defendant' s injunctive relief request should be denied.

On February 12, 2020, the trial court granted the defendant a preliminary

injunction, which allegedly " prohibit[ ed] the distribution of proceeds by the sheriff

from the sheriff' s sale of the [ p] roperty." 3 In response, Standard filed a motion for

new trial, alleging that a new trial was necessary pursuant to La. C. C. P. art.

1972( 1) 4 because the granting of the preliminary injunction was not supported by

the record.

On July 8, 2020, the trial court held a hearing on the defendant' s request for

permanent injunction and Standard' s motion for new trial, wherein it denied both

the motion for new trial and permanent injunction. The trial court signed a

judgment on August 7, 2020 in accordance with its oral ruling. The judgment did

3 The record does not contain a transcript of the hearing held on February 12, 2020. Standard
contends that the trial court allegedly issued a preliminary injunction to stay the distribution of
the sale proceeds and not to stop the sale of the property. Although the sheriffs sale has been
completed, the record does not indicate whether the proceeds have been distributed an this issue
is now moot. We further note that the defendant has not raised this issue on appeal.

4 Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure article 1972( 1) provides that a new trial shall be granted,
upon contradictory motion of any party, when the verdict or judgment appears clearly contrary to
the law and evidence.

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not address the motion for new trial.' The defendant devolutively appealed the

trial court' s judgment' and assigned as error that the trial court erred in granting a

judgment in favor of Standard because " new supportive evidence [ was] submitted

and not yet reviewed prior to the decision." The defendant further assigned as

error that the trial court " erred in its decision to proceed with a zoom meeting that

was scheduled within 24 hours of the original court scheduled appearance in Room

25 of the 19th District Court; thus, jeopardizing possibility of receiving accurately

filed documents[.] As a resultof the untimely phone notification from the [ trial

court] ... a complete docket was void for proper updating[.]" However, we will

not address the defendant' s two assignments of error because the appeal is moot.

DISCUSSION

Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure article 2642 provides, in pertinent part:

A. Defenses and procedural objections to an executory proceeding
may be asserted either through an injunction proceeding to
arrest the seizure and sale as provided in Articles 2751 through
2754, or a suspensive appeal from the order directing the
issuance of the writ of seizure and sale, or both.

B. A suspensive appeal from an order directing the issuance of a
writ of seizure and sale shall be taken within fifteen days of
service of the notice of seizure as provided in Article 2721.

In this case, the defendant asserted his defense to the executory proceeding

by an injunction proceeding rather than suspensively appealing from the order

directing the issuance of the writ of seizure and sale of the property. After a

hearing, the trial court denied the defendant' s request for a permanent injunction.

Rather than suspensively appealing the order issuing the writ of seizure and sale

prior to the sheriff' s sale, the defendant devolutively appealed the August 7, 2020

5 When the trial court renders a judgment on the merits on the petition for a permanent
injunction, the issue of the preliminary injunction becomes moot. Thus, Standard' s motion for
new trial is moot. Tobin v. Jindal, 2011- 0838 ( La. App. 1 Cir. 2/ 10/ 12), 91 So. 3d 317, 321.

6 We deny the defendant' s pending motions to file a reply brief due to our holding in this matter.
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judgment denying the permanent injunction. The defendant' s appeal was taken

after the sheriff' s sale had occurred.

Like the defendant in the instant matter, when a party chooses to present

defenses and objections to the seizure and sale by way of a suit for injunctive

relief, they take the substantial risk that, upon denial of a preliminary injunction,

the property will be sold before an appellate court considers the merits of a

devolutive appeal. Acme Mortgage Co., Inc. v. Cross, 464 So. 2d 945, 947 ( La.

App. 4 Cir. 1985). In Acme Mortgage Co., Inc., the Fourth Circuit stated the

following:

A suspensive appeal taken within fifteen days from the issuance of the
writ of seizure and sale suspends its execution during the pendency of
the appeal, and the property cannot be sold. On the other hand, if a
defendant chooses to seek injunctive relief and the Trial Court denies
it, there is no right to a suspensive appeal, La. C. C. P. art. 3612, and
while there is a right to a devolutive appeal, more probably than not,
the property will be sold while the appeal is pending.

Acme Mortgage Co., Inc., 464 So. 2d at 946.

Given the posture of this matter, the defendant' s claim is now moot. An

issue is moot when a judgment or decree on that issue has been " deprived of

practical significance" or " made abstract or purely academic." In re E.W., 2009-

1589 ( La. App. 1 Cir. 5/ 7/ 10), 38 So. 3d 1033, 1037. Thus, a case is moot when a

rendered judgment or decree can serve no useful purpose and give no practical

relief or effect. Id. It is well settled that courts will not decide abstract,

hypothetical, or moot controversies, or render advisory opinions with respect to

such controversies. Tobin, 2011- 0838 ( La. App. 1 Cir. 2/ 10/ 12), 91 So. 3d 317,

321. A " justiciable controversy" is one presenting an existing actual and

substantial dispute involving the legal relations of parties who have real adverse

interests and upon whom the judgment of the court may effectively operate

through a decree of conclusive character. Id.

E

In this case, the property at issue was sold at a sheriff' s sale on October 30,

2019. The defendant appealed the trial court judgment on July 20, 2020. "[ O] nce

the final judgment has been signed, any previously existing defect has been cured,

and there is no useful purpose in dismissing the otherwise valid appeal."

Overmier v. Traylor, 475 So. 2d 1094, 1094- 95 ( La. 1985) ( per curiam)

reinstating an appeal taken from the trial court' s reasons for judgment, when a

final judgment was thereafter signed); see Chauvin v. Chauvin, 2010- 1055 ( La.

App. 1 Cir. 10/ 29/ 10), 49 So. 3d 565, 568 n. l ( finding that defect arising from

premature motion for appeal, prior to final judgment being signed, is cured once

the final judgment has been signed); City of Denham Springs v. Perkins, 2008-

1937 ( La. App. 1 Cir. 3/ 27/ 09), 10 So. 3d 311, 317 n.5, writ denied, 2009- 0871

La. 5/ 13/ 09), 8 So. 3d 568.

Because the property was sold before the defendant took his appeal, it is

now impossible for this Court to grant injunctive relief or stay the sale of the

property, and no judgment that this Court could render on the merits of the appeal

can be made effective. Fidelity Bank v. Succession of Dowden, 2020- 0241 ( La.

App. 4 Cir. 10/ 7/ 20), So. 3d , 2020 WL 5939215, at * 4, writ denied,

2020- 01390 ( La. 1/ 26/ 21), 309 So. 3d 345. See Bradley & Braud, Inc. v.

Canady, 342 So. 2d 1184, 1185 ( La. App. 1 Cir. 1977) (" It is correct that

appeal from a judgment refusing to grant an injunction is a moot question
a[ n] ...

when the property has already been seized and sold."); Mr. Pizza, Inc. v. Furlow,

230 So. 2d 649, 652 ( La. App. 4 Cir. 1970) ( holding that the appeal must be

dismissed where the sale of property by executory process had already taken place

at the time of the appeal).

Accordingly, we find that the trial court properly denied the defendant' s

injunctive relief claim and that the issue presented herein is moot. Since the sale of

the property is an accomplished fact, there is no order or judgment this Court could

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render to grant the defendant the relief he seeks or to undo that which has already

been done. Any judgment or decree by this Court would only be an advisory

opinion, offering no practical relief. U. S. Bank National Association as Trustee

for Banc of America Funding Corporation, Mortgage Pass -Through

Certificates, Series 2004- 2 v. Lowe, 2019- 411 ( La. App. 5 Cir. 3/ 17/ 20), 293

So. 3d 743, 747. If the defendant had taken a suspensive appeal from the order

directing the issuance of the writ of seizure and sale, the property could not have

been sold during the pendency of the appeal. See La. C. C. P. art. 2642( B). Instead,

the defendant chose to file a claim for injunctive relief, and the property was sold

at a sheriff' s sale prior to the defendant' s appeal of the judgment denying the

permanent injunction. See Holmes v. St. Amant, 550 So. 2d 977, 979 ( La. App. 5

Cir. 1989). Thus, the issue presented here is moot and we dismiss this appeal.

CONCLUSION

For the foregoing reasons, we dismiss Gary Dubois Bey' s appeal of the trial

court' s judgment denying his permanent injunction as moot. Costs of this appeal

are assessed against the defendant, Gary Dubois Bey, individually and as trustee of

the GDB Family Trust.

APPEAL DISMISSED.

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