Virginia Anne Gerace Benoist v. Jackson National Life Insurance Company, Norma Ford Gerace, and Mary Kathryn Gerace Carleton

STATE OF LOUISIANA

COURT OF APPEAL
v

FIRST CIRCUIT

NO. 2022 CA 0879

VIRGINIA ANNE GERACE BENOIST

VERSUS

JACKSON NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY,
NORMA FORD GERACE, AND
MARY KATHRYN GERACE CARLETON

Judgment Rendered:
MAR 0 12023

On Appeal from the
19th Judicial District Court
Parish of East Baton Rouge, State of Louisiana
Trial Court No. 710447

The Honorable Trudy M. White, Judge Presiding

Jerry F. Pepper Attorney for Plaintiff A
- ppellant,
Baton Rouge, Louisiana Virginia Anne Gerace Benoist

Michelle Lorio St. Martin Attorneys for Defendant -Appellee,
David G. Koch Norma Ford Gerace
Riley F. Huntington
Baton Rouge, Louisiana

BEFORE: GUIDRY, C.J., WOLFE, AND MILLER, JJ.

WOLFE, J.

In this appeal, plaintiff-appellant, Virginia " Ginny" Anne Gerace Benoist,

challenges the trial court' s judgment awarding attorney fees and costs to her mother,

defendant -appellee, Norma Ford Gerace. For the following reasons, we amend the

judgment and affirm as amended.

BACKGROUND

This lawsuit involves a dispute among family members; the case was

previously before this court and there are other appeals pending. See Benoist v.

Jackson National Life Ins. Co., 2022- 0292 ( La. App. 1st Cir. 11/ 15122), So. 3d

2022 WL 16946498 ( hereafter referred to as the " first appeal"). Of relevance

to this appeal is Ginny' s challenge to the acts of her sister, Mary Kathryn " Mary

Kay" Gerace Carleton, as a mandatary serving under a power of attorney executed

by Ginny' s mother, Norma F. Gerace " Mrs. Gerace."'

In the first appeal on the merits, this court affirmed the trial court' s November

12, 2021 dismissal of Ginny' s action to review the acts of Mary Kay as her mother' s

mandatary, as well as the grant of Mrs. Gera.ce' s motion for attorney fees and costs,

without expressing an amount for the attorney fees and costs. While the first appeal

was pending, Mrs. Gerace sought to have the trial court set the attorney fees and

costs by filing a motion on April 13, 2022, along with supporting documents. Ginny

filed an exception raising the objection of a lack of subject matter jurisdiction in the

trial court, since the first appeal on the merits was still pending; however, Ginny did

not contest the reasonableness of the amount of the requested attorney fees and costs.

On lune 1, 2022, the trial court signed a separate judgment granting Mrs.

Gerace' s motion to set attorney fees and costs and ordered Ginny to pay her mother' s

attorney fees in the amount of $60, 033. 10 and costs in the amount of $1, 510. 53,

A summary of the factual background and procedural history is recited in the first appeal on the
merits and will not be repeated here.

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reflecting 23 1. 10 hours of legal services as of the date of the filing of Mrs. Gerace' s

motion. Ginny appealed the June 2022 judgment, arguing that the trial court

erroneously overruled her exception of lack of subject matter jurisdiction and

contending, for the first time in this court, that the trial court' s award was abusively

high. Mrs. Gerace answered the appeal, seeking an affirmation of the trial court' s

award, an additional award for Ginny' s alleged frivolous appeal, and an award for

attorney fees and costs associated with answering this appeal. After the parties filed

their respective briefs in this appeal, the first appeal on the merits was decided by

this court on November 15, 2022. In that decision, this court specifically found that

the " trial court did not abuse its much discretion in granting Mrs. Gerace' s request

for attorney fees where it determined that Ginny was not entitled to relief." Benoist,

So. 3d at , 2022 WL 16946498 at * 8.

DISCUSSION

This court' s decision that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in granting

Mrs. Gerace' s motion for attorney fees and costs without expressing an amount in

the November 15, 2021 judgment on the merits, is the law of the case. Where there

is one lawsuit with multiple judgments of the trial and appellate courts within the

same suit, the law of the case doctrine applies. Reed v. Louisiana Horticulture

Commission, 2021- 0657 (La..App. I st Cir. 12/ 22/ 21), 341 So. 3 d 66, 70, writ denied,

2022- 00284 ( La. 4112/ 22), 336 So. 3d 89. That doctrine embodies the principle that

an appellate court generally does not revisit its own rulings of law on a subsequent

appeal in the same case. Id.

In the first appeal, Ginny maintained that her action to review the activities of

her sister as mandatary for her mother was not frivolous and, therefore, the trial court

erred in granting her mother' s request for attorney fees. In this appeal, Ginny argues

that the trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction to set the amount of attorney

fees and costs while the previous appeal was pending. We disagree. In La. Code

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Civ. P. art. 2088( A)( 10), as amended by 2021 La. Acts No. 259, § 2( effective

August 1, 2021), we find a clear and unambiguous expression of law that " the trial

court has jurisdiction in the case only over those matters not reviewable under the

appeal, including the right to ... [ s] et and tax costs, expert witness fees, and attorney

fees." See also Comments 2021 of Article 2088, comment ( a) " the trial court retains

jurisdiction for purposes of setting attorney fees after an appeal has been taken from

the initial judgment.... [ I] t is no longer necessary for an appellate court to dismiss

an appeal in order to allow the trial court to set the amount of the attorney fees,

because the trial court has jurisdiction to set attorney fees while the appeal is

pending." Therefore, the judgment awarding attorney fees and costs in an indefinite

amount did not divest the trial court ofjurisdiction to determine, after a hearing and

consideration of evidence, the actual amount to be awarded as attorney fees and

costs. See also Price v. City of Ponchatoula Police Dept., 2012- 0727 ( La. App.

1st Cir. 12121/ 12), 111 So. 3d 1053, 1055. Accordingly, the trial court did not err in

denying Ginny' s exception of lack of subject matter jurisdiction.

Ginny also argues that the trial court abused its discretion in awarding far in

excess of the actual attorney fees incurred by her mother for this lawsuit. Initially,

we note that the attorney fees and costs have statutory authority in La. R. S. 9: 3555

The court may render judgment for costs and attorney fees, or any part thereof,

against any party" in an action to review the acts of a mandatary.). When provided

for by statute, the award of attorney fees rests within the discretion of the fact finder.

Cupp Drug Store, Inc. v. Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana, 50, 843 ( La.

App. 2d Cir. $110116), 201 So.3d 319, 322, Generally, each case is considered in

light of its own facts and circumstances; however, the amount awarded must be

reasonable. Id. Before an attorney fee award will be disturbed on appeal, the record

must reveal that the trial court abused its discretion in making the award. Id. See

also Regions Bank v. Automax USA, L.L.C., 2002- 1755 ( La. App. 1st Cir.

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6127103), 858 So. 2d 593, 595- 596, writ denied, 2003- 2131 ( La. 1117103), 857 So. 2d

503.

The reasonableness of attorney fees is determined by the factors set forth in

Rule 1. 5( a) of the Rules of Professional Conduct, which are as follows: ( 1) the time

and labor required, the novelty and difficulty of the questions involved and the skill

requisite to perform the Iegal service properly; ( 2) the likelihood, if apparent to the

client, that the acceptance of the particular employment will preclude other

employment by the lawyer; ( 3) the fee customarily charged in the locality for similar

legal services; ( 4) the amount involved and the results obtained; ( 5) the time

limitations imposed by the client or by the circumstances; ( 6) the nature and length

of the professional relationship with the client; ( 7) the experience, reputation, and

ability of the lawyer or lawyers performing the services; and ( 8) whether the fee is

fixed or contingent. An analysis of the factors pertinent to a determination of

reasonableness is extremely fact intensive. At issue ultimately is the reasonable

value of the services rendered and value received by the client. Regions Bank, 858

So. 2d at 596.

In support of her motion to set attorney fees and costs, Mrs. Gerace attached

a copy of the November 12, 2021 judgment ordering Ginny to pay Mrs. Gerace " all

of her actual attorney fees and costs in this litigation[,]" along with a copy of the

engagement letter for legal services setting forth the hourly rates of Mrs. Gerace' s

counsel and staff, copies of the detailed invoices for attorney fees and costs

generated in the lawsuit, an affidavit by the lead attorney for Mrs. Gerace' s defense

outlining the skill and experience of the lawyers involved in the case, and copies of

letters between counsel on both sides seeking resolution of the lawsuit. At the May

16, 2022 hearing on the motion, Ginny' s attorney acknowledged that they had not

filed an opposition to Mrs. Gerace' s motion to set attorney fees and costs, but instead

filed and argued an exception of lack of subject matter jurisdiction. Thus, there is

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nothing in the record to contradict or challenge Mrs. Gerace' s evidence. Considering

there was no opposition to the specific amounts requested and supported by Mrs.

Gerace, the trial court awarded the full amount of attorney fees and costs evidenced

by the invoices through the filing of the motion to set the fees and costs.

As noted previously, factors to be considered in making an award of attorney

fees include the degree of professional skill and ability exercised, and the time

devoted to the case. The underlying merits of the case involved complex facts, legal

issues, and a prior appeal concerning invasive and embarrassing court scrutiny of a

bitter family dispute over Mrs. Gerace' s ability to manage her affairs and understand

the function of the power of attorney that she gave to Ginny' s sister, Mary Kay. We

conclude that the trial court did not abuse its great discretion in its award of attorney

fees and costs to Mrs. Gerace. The record reasonably supports the undisputed

experience, time, and labor expended by Mrs. Gerace' s counsel and staff under the

circumstances of this particular case involving multiple appeals.

ANSWER TO APPEAL

Mrs. Gerace filed an answer to this appeal, requesting that we award damages

for frivolous appeal as authorized by La. Code Civ. P. art. 2164. Under Article 2164,

appeals are favored, and we will not award damages unless they are clearly due.

Whitney Bank v. Rayford, 2021- 0407 ( La. App. tst Cir. 4/ 5122), 341 So. 3d 741,

746. Damages for frivolous appeal are only allowed when it is obvious that the

appeal was taken solely for delay, or that counsel is not sincere in the view of the

law he advocates. Id. The slightest justification for an appeal precludes damages

for frivolous appeal. Id. Considering counsel for Ginny advanced the argument that

the trial court' s lack of subject matter jurisdiction to award attorney fees and costs

while the first appeal on the merits was pending and was decided after the hearing

on Mrs. Gerace' s motion to set fees and costs, we decline to assess damages for

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frivolous appeal. We find that Ginny' s counsel sincerely viewed the law as

advocated, even though the current law was not in Ginny' s favor.

However, it is within an appellate court' s discretion to award or increase

attorney fees for the expense of the appeal. Cupp Drug Store, Inc., 201. So. 3d at

325 n.3. The undisputed supplemental evidence submitted by Mrs. Gerace and

accepted at the hearing on the motion to set attorney fees and costs reveals that an

additional amount of attorney fees in the amount of $9, 155. 00 and $ 614. 47 for costs

were incurred through the date of the May 16, 2022 hearing. Thus, we find that the

record reasonably supports an additional $ 15, 000. 00 for attorney fees and costs,

consisting of $9, 799.47 for attorney fees and costs through the date of the hearing

and $ 5, 200. 53 for this appeal.

DECREE

For the outlined reasons, the trial court' s June 1, 2022 judgment, which

awarded a total of $61, 543. 63 for attorney fees and costs to Norma Ford Gerace, to

be paid by Virginia " tinny" Anne Gerace Benoist, is affirmed as amended with an

additional $ 15, 000.00 award for attorney fees and costs through the conclusion of

this appeal. All costs of this appeal are assessed to plaintiff-appellant, Virginia

Ginny" Anne Gerace Benoist.

AMENDED; AFFIRMED AS AMENDED.

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