W & R Farming Partnership v. Old South Properties, Inc.

STATE OF LOUISIANA
COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT

04-737

W & R FARMING PARTNERSHIP

VERSUS

OLD SOUTH PROPERTIES, INC.

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APPEAL FROM THE
TENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT
PARISH OF NATCHITOCHES, NO. 75610, DIV. B
HONORABLE W. PEYTON CUNNINGHAM, JR., DISTRICT JUDGE

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JOHN B. SCOFIELD
JUDGE

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Court composed of Jimmie C. Peters, Michael G. Sullivan, and John B. Scofield,
Judges.

REVERSED AND RENDERED.

Mark L. Roberts
300 St. Denis St.
Natchitoches, LA 71457
Counsel for Plaintiff-Appellant
W & R Farming Partnership

James Rex Fair, Jr.
P. O. Box 1258
Natchitoches, LA 71458-1258
Counsel for Defendant-Appellee
Old South Properties, Inc.

SCOFIELD, Judge*.

W & R Farming Partnership (W & R) appeals the trial court’s judgment

dismissing its action to nullify a default judgment rendered in favor of Old South

Properties, Inc. (Old South).

FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

The Plaintiff, W & R, is a partnership consisting of three corporate partners,

LCW Farms, Inc., GDW Farms, Inc., and MBR Farms, Inc. W & R leased property

known as Glory Plantation from Henry Cook Taylor at a rental of $12,000.00 per

year. The lease was signed by Lauren C. Wilson over the designation “Agent: Lauren

C. Wilson, Partner.” The lease term began December 27, 1999 and ended December

31, 2000, with an option to renew the lease for the next year. W & R apparently

exercised its option and renewed the lease, although there is no direct evidence of this

of record. The property was sold, subject to the lease, by Taylor to Old South on

March 13, 2001. On April 1, 2002, Old South made demand on W & R for payment

of the rent for the year 2001. There being no payment made, Old South filed a

Petition for Past Due Rents. It is undisputed that the petition was served on Lauren

Wilson. No responsive pleading having been filed, Old South obtained a default

judgment against W & R.

W & R filed a Petition to Annul Judgment and for Injunction, asserting that

Old South failed to serve its petition on the appropriate party as provided by La.Code

Civ.P. art. 12631 in that Lauren Wilson was not a partner of W & R and was not the

*
The Honorable John B. Scofield participated in this decision by appointment of the
Louisiana Supreme Court as Judge Pro Tempore.
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La.Code Civ.P. art. 1263 provides that:

Service of citation or other process on a partnership is made by personal
service on a partner. Service of citation or other process on a partnership in

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agent for service of process for W & R or any of the corporate partners. A temporary

restraining order was issued prohibiting Old South from enforcing the default

judgment, pending a hearing on the annulment action.

At the trial court hearing, it was stipulated that Lauren Wilson was served with

the original suit and that she is not a partner in W & R Farming Partnership, nor an

agent for service of process of any of the corporate partners of W & R. Old South

introduced into evidence the record in the suit for past due rent, the partnership

articles for W & R, and the Articles of Incorporation of the three partner corporations

in W & R. This evidence shows that Lauren Wilson is an officer in, and incorporator

of, two of the partner corporations, MBR Farms, Inc and LCW Farm, Inc.

The trial court rendered judgment denying the petition to annul, and recalling

the Temporary Restraining Order, and issued a written ruling finding that:

The service in this case on Lauren C. Wilson, who is listed in the lease
which is the basis of this lawsuit, as “agent: Lauren C. Wilson, partner”
(of the W & R Farming Partnership) was sufficient to put W & R
Farming Partnership on notice that suit had been filed. The failure of W
& R Farming Partnership to respond to the lawsuit is imputed to the
partnership itself.

W & R timely filed an appeal to this court. For the reasons set forth

hereinafter, we reverse.

DISCUSSION

The issue before the court is whether the service of the original suit on Lauren

Wilson was sufficient to subject W & R to the jurisdiction of the trial court. “Citation

and service thereof are essential in all civil actions except summary and executory

commendam is made by personal service on a general partner. When the officer
certifies that he is unable, after diligent effort, to make service in this manner, he may
make personal service on any employee of suitable age and discretion at any place
where the business of the partnership or partnership in commendam is regularly
conducted.

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proceedings, divorce actions under Civil Code Article 102, and proceedings under the

Children's Code. Without them all proceedings are absolutely null.” La.Code Civ.P.

art. 1201(A).

It is well established that “proper citation is the foundation of all actions.”

Johnson v. Brown, 03-0679, p. 9 (La.App. 4 Cir. 6/25/03), 851 So.2d 319, 325, citing

Naquin v. Titan Indemnity Co., 00-1585 (La. 2/21/01), 779 So.2d 704; Kimball v.

Kimball, 93-1364, p. 3 (La.App. 1 Cir. 5/20/94), 637 So.2d 779, 781. Even the

defendant’s actual knowledge of an action or actual notice of a suit, “no matter how

clearly brought home to [the defendant],” cannot substitute for proper citation and

service. Kimball, 637 So.2d 779; Johnson, 851 So.2d 319; Strong's Plumbing, Inc.

v. All Seasons Roofing & Sheet Metal, Inc., 32,783 (La.App. 2 Cir. 3/1/00),754 So.2d

336; Scullin v. Prudential Ins. Co. of Am., 421 So.2d 470 (La.App. 4 Cir. 1982).

Citation and service must comply strictly with the law to support a valid judgment.

Kimball, 637 So.2d 779; Scullin, 421 So.2d 470. Without valid citation and service

of process, “the court does not have jurisdiction over the person of the defendant.”

In re Justice of Peace Landry, 01-0657, p. 9 (La. 6/29/01), 789 So.2d 1271, 1277.

Any judgment rendered against a party not cited and served as provided by law is

absolutely null. Id. See also La.Code Civ. P. art. 2002.

Under La.Code Civ.P. art. 1263, service on a partnership must be made on a

partner. If service in this manner cannot be accomplished in spite of “diligent

effort,”2 service may be accomplished by making “personal service on any employee

of suitable age and discretion at any place where the business of the partnership . . .

is regularly conducted.” To accomplish service on W & R, citation should have been

2
There is nothing in the record or the allegations of the parties, suggesting that efforts
to serve a partner failed in spite of a diligent effort to do so.

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made on one of the partner corporations through its registered agent. Louisiana Code

of Civil Procedure article 1261(A) provides that: “Service of citation or other process

on a domestic or foreign corporation is made by personal service on any one of its

agents for service of process.” An examination of the corporate and partnership

records introduced by Old South shows that Lauren Wilson was neither a partner of

W & R nor an agent for service in any of its partner corporations. Consequently,

service on Lauren Wilson did not fulfill the requirements of La.Code Civ.P. art. 1263

for service on W & R. In the absence of valid citation and service of the petition for

past due rent on W & R, the default judgment rendered against it is null.

As a result, the judgment of the trial court is reversed. Judgment is rendered

annulling the default judgment rendered by the trial court in favor of Old South.

Costs of this appeal are assessed to the Appellee, Old South.

REVERSED AND RENDERED.

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