Harley-Davison Credit Corp. v. Morris Davis

STATE OF LOUISIANA

COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT

13-214

HARLEY-DAVIDSON CREDIT CORP.

VERSUS

MORRIS DAVIS

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APPEAL FROM THE
SEVENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT
PARISH OF CONCORDIA, NO. 46953
HONORABLE LEO BOOTHE, DISTRICT JUDGE

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SHANNON J. GREMILLION
JUDGE

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Court composed of James T. Genovese, Shannon J. Gremillion, and John E.
Conery, Judges.

AFFIRMED.

Herschel C. Adcock, Jr.
Joseph Paul Rummage, Jr.
Maro Petkovich, Jr.
Law Office of Herschel C. Adcock, Jr.
P. O. Box 87379
Baton Rouge, LA 70879-8379
(225) 756-0373
COUNSEL FOR PLAINTIFF/APPELLEE:
Harley-Davidson Credit Corp.

Paul A. Lemke, III
Owens & Lemke, Inc.
P. O. Box 595
Harrisonburg, LA 71340
(318) 744-5431
COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANTS/APPELLANTS:
Fred Taylor
Jeremy Taylor
Fred’s Automotive Repair & Wrecker Service, LLC

GREMILLION, Judge.

The defendants-appellants, Fred Taylor, Jeremy Taylor, and Fred’s

Automotive Repair and Wrecker Service, LLC (Fred’s Automotive), appeal the

judgment of the trial court finding Fred’s Automotive in contempt and ordering it

to produce a Harley-Davidson motorcycle that was located at Fred’s Automotive.

For the following reasons, we affirm.

FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

In May 2010, Morris Davis mortgaged a Harley-Davidson motorcycle in

favor of Eaglemark Savings Bank to secure the payment of a promissory note for

$19,165.10. The State of Alabama issued a title recognizing Davis as the owner

and Eaglemark as the first lienholder. Eaglemark thereafter assigned the note to

the plaintiff, Harley-Davidson Credit Corporation (Harley-Davidson).

In January 2012, Harley-Davidson filed a petition for executory process

against Davis due to Davis’s default on the note. The trial court issued a writ of

seizure and sale. In June 2012, Harley-Davidson filed a motion to amend the order

attached to the petition to correct a clerical error regarding the VIN number of the

motorcycle. Testimony at the October 2012 hearing indicated that the Concordia

Parish Sherriff’s office had seized the motorcycle from Fred’s Automotive but

returned it due to the clerical error. In the interim, between the return of the

motorcycle to Fred’s Automotive and the issuance of the corrected order to

produce collateral, Fred’s Automotive sold the motorcycle to a third party pursuant

to La.R.S. 32:1719. Fred’s Automotive had received a permit to sell from the

Department of Public Safety and Corrections in April 2012.

In September 2012, Harley-Davidson filed a rule to produce collateral and/or

turn over excess sale proceeds, naming Fred’s Automotive as defendant. Harley-

Davidson claimed it was never given notice pursuant to La.R.S. 32:1720, rendering

the sale to the third-party an absolute nullity.

Fred’s Automotive failed to appear at the October 2012 hearing on the

matter. The trial court issued a judgment finding Fred’s Automotive in contempt

of court for failing to appear and ordered them to immediately deliver the

motorcycle to the Concordia Parish Sheriff’s Office. Fred’s Automotive filed a

motion for new trial in November 2012. Fred’s Automotive also filed a motion for

the trial court to assign written reasons for judgment on November 13, 2012. The

trial court signed the order requiring that written reasons be filed into the record

within thirty days of its November 7, 2012 judgment on November 15, 2012.

A hearing was held on November 26, 2012, on the motion for new trial. In a

December 27, 2012 judgment providing written reasons, the trial court denied

Fred’s Automotive’s request for a new trial and again ordered it to produce the

motorcycle.

In March 2013, this court issued an order to the trial court to supplement the

record with written reasons for judgment.

Fred’s Automotive now appeals.

ISSUES

First, Fred’s Automotive argues that we should remand the matter for a new

trial as the record on appeal is incomplete due to the failure of the trial court to

issue written reasons for judgment pursuant to La.Code Civ.P. art. 1917. Fred’s

Automotive further assigns as error:1

1. The trial court erred in finding the defendant and unnamed
defendant Fred Taylor in contempt of court.

1
We note that Fred’s Automotive’s assignments of error do not correspond to its briefed
arguments. Moreover, its briefed arguments raise several other issues not assigned as error.

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2. The trial court erred in finding that the plaintiff was entitled to
judgment ordering the defendant to surrender his property.

WRITTEN REASONS FOR JUDGMENT

Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure Article 1917(A) states:

In all appealable contested cases, other than those tried by a
jury, the court when requested to do so by a party shall give in writing
its findings of fact and reasons for judgment, provided the request is
made not later than ten days after the mailing of the notice of the
signing of the judgment.

Although the trial court signed an order indicating that it would provide

written reasons, it never did so. The remedy for a trial court’s failure to produce

written reasons is by writ or a motion for remand. See Wooley v. Lucksinger, 09-

0571, 09-584, 09-585, 09-586 (La. 4/1/11), 61 So.3d 507. In fact, we signed an

order on March 28, 2013, ordering the trial court to supplement the record with its

written reasons. However, the trial court judge was unable to comply with this

order due to his suspension from office beginning March 15, 2013. See In re

Boothe, 12-1821 (La. 1/29/13), 110 So.3d 1002.

Clearly, remand at this juncture to provide written reasons is an

impossibility; remand for a new trial is an inappropriate remedy. The supreme

court has noted:

―[T]hat the district court’s oral or written reasons for judgment form
no part of the judgment, and that appellate court’s review judgments,
not reasons for judgment.‖ Bellard v. American Cent. Ins. Co., 2007-
1335 p. 25 (La. 4/18/08), 980 So.2d 654, 671; Greater New Orleans
Expressway Commission v. Olivier, 2002-2795 p. 3 (La. 11/18/03),
860 So.2d 22, 24 (―Appeals are taken from the judgment, not the
written reasons for judgment.‖); La. C.C.P. arts. 1918, 2082 and 2083.
Judgments are often upheld on appeal for reasons different than those
assigned by the district judges. ―The written reasons for judgment are
merely an explication of the trial court’s determinations. They do not
alter, amend, or affect the final judgment being appealed . . . .‖ State
in the Interest of Mason, 356 So.2d 530, 532 (La.App. 1 Cir. 1977).

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Wooley, 61 So.3d at 572.

Moreover, the judgment itself and the written reasons provided in the denial

of the motion for new trial provide a sufficient basis for this court to review the

matter on appeal. Additionally, considering the fact that Fred’s Automotive failed

to appear for the hearing, there is little in the way of factual findings that could

have been noted in written reasons for judgment. This is an uncomplicated matter

mainly involving questions of law rather than factual findings. We are unable to

remand the matter, and we find it is unnecessary to do so.

NEW TRIAL

Although Fred’s Automotive does not expressly state so, it is essentially

appealing the trial court’s denial of its motion for new trial. A new trial will be

granted ―[w]hen the verdict or judgment appears clearly contrary to the law and

evidence.‖ La.Code Civ.P. art. 1972. When reviewing the grant or denial of a

motion for new trial, an appellate court cannot reverse the trial court’s decision

unless an abuse of discretion can be demonstrated. Harbor v. Christus St. Frances

Cabrini Hosp., 06-593 (La.App. 3 Cir. 11/2/06), 943 So.2d 545. Based on our

discussion below, we find the trial court did not abuse its discretion in refusing to

grant Fred’s Automotive a new trial.

VALIDITY OF THE LIEN

In this assignment of error, Fred’s Automotive argues that Harley-

Davidson’s security interest was not properly perfected in Louisiana pursuant to

La.R.S. 32:702.2. Whether this argument has any merit is irrelevant. Fred’s

Automotive cannot now challenge, for the first time on appeal, the validity of the

security instrument. Uniform Rules—Courts of Appeal, Rule 1–3.

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USE OF SUMMARY PROCEEDINGS

In this assignment of error, Fred’s Automotive argues that the trial court

improperly used a summary proceeding to deprive them of their rights. Fred’s

Automotive argues that a summary proceeding is inappropriate because the action

Harley-Davidson filed against Fred’s Automotive was either for a declaratory

judgment or mandatory injunctive relief. We disagree. Furthermore, objections to

use of a summary proceeding are made by dilatory exception and are waived if not

pleaded. La.Code Civ.P. art. 926; Howard v. La. Citizens Prop. Ins. Corp., 10-

1302 (La.App. 4 Cir. 4/27/11), 65 So.3d 697.

Pursuant to La.Code Civ.P. art. 2592(1), summary proceedings are

appropriate only in the listed matters including:

An incidental question arising in the course of judicial proceedings,
including the award of and the determination of reasonableness of
attorney fees.

Harley-Davidson’s initial suit was filed against Davis and is subject to

the law pertaining to executory proceedings found in La.Code Civ.P. arts 2631-

2644. Its rule to show cause filed against Fred’s Automotive is an incidental

matter pertaining to the executory proceedings for the location and production of

the collateral.

Fred’s Automotive’s remedy was to intervene in the pending executory

process action pursuant to La.Code Civ.P. art. 1091: ―A third person having an

interest therein may intervene in a pending action to enforce a right related to or

connected with the object of the pending action against one or more parties.‖

Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure Article 2643 addresses the rights of a third

person claiming an interest in seized property:

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A third person claiming a mortgage, security interest, or
privilege on the property seized in an executory proceeding may assert
his right to share in the distribution of the proceeds of the sale of the
property by intervention, as provided in Article 1092. The
intervention shall be served as provided in Article 1093 and shall be
tried summarily.

Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure Article 1092 provides:

A third person claiming ownership of, or a mortgage or
privilege on, property seized may assert his claim by intervention. If
the third person asserts ownership of the seized property, the
intervention may be filed at any time prior to the judicial sale of the
seized property, and the court may grant him injunctive relief to
prevent such sale before an adjudication of his claim of ownership.

If the third person claims a mortgage or privilege on the entire
property seized, whether superior or inferior to that of the seizing
creditor, the intervention may be filed at any time prior to the
distribution by the sheriff of the proceeds of the sale of the seized
property, and the court shall order the sheriff to hold such proceeds
subject to its further orders. When the intervener claims such a
mortgage or privilege only on part of the property seized, and the
intervention is filed prior to the judicial sale, the court may order the
separate sale of the property on which the intervener claims a
mortgage or privilege; or if a separate sale thereof is not feasible or
necessary, or the intervener has no right thereto, the court may order
the separate appraisement of the entire property seized and of the part
thereof on which the intervener claims a mortgage or privilege.

An intervener claiming the proceeds of a judicial sale does not
thereby admit judicially the validity, nor is he estopped from asserting
the invalidity, of the claim of the seizing creditor.

Fred’s Automotive was fully aware of the executory proceedings. The

Concordia Parish Sheriff’s Office had already seized the motorcycle and returned it

due to a clerical error. Fred’s Automotive should have intervened in the executory

proceedings to assert its privilege for towing and storage. Finally, Harley-

Davidson’s uncontested security interest in the motorcycle outranks any claim that

Fred’s Automotive may have. See La.R.S. 32:1730, La.R.S. 9:4501 (a perfected

security interest superior to repairmen’s lien).

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CONTEMPT

In this assignment of error, Fred’s Automotive argues that Fred Taylor could

not be held in contempt because he was not named individually nor served with

any pleadings individually, and because Harley-Davidson’s rule did not seek a

contempt finding against Fred’s Automotive or Fred. Fred argues that he was

never served with any rule for contempt.2

The November 2012 judgment found:

IT IS ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that
defendant-in-rule, Fred’s Automotive Repair & Wrecker Service,
LLC, through its authorized representative Jeremy Taylor or member,
Fred Taylor, is in contempt of court for failure to appear as ordered on
October 22, 2012[.]

Fred’s Automotive concedes that it was properly served through its agent for

service of process, Jeremy Taylor. Pursuant to La.Code Civ.P. art. 225(A), a rule

to show cause for contempt may issue on the court’s own motion. Further, a

corporation may be found in contempt for the actions of its members or

representatives. Pettus v. Atchafalaya Wildlife Protective Soc., 351 So.2d 790

(La.App. 1 Cir. 1977); La.Code Civ.P. art. 224. The trial court has vast discretion

in determining whether a party should be held in contempt for disobeying a court

order, and its decision will be reversed only when the appellate court discerns an

abuse of that discretion. McDonald v. McDonald, 08-1165 (La.App. 3 Cir. 3/4/09),

10 So.3d 780. Fred’s Automotive failed to appear and failed to produce the

collateral. Fred himself was never found in contempt of court. We find no abuse

of the trial court’s discretion in finding Fred’s Automotive in contempt of court.

2
He further argues under this subheading that he was never served with the rule to
produce collateral and/or turn over excess sale proceeds.

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DISPOSITION

The trial court properly denied Fred’s Automotive Repair & Wrecker

Service, LLC’s motion for new trial. The judgment of the trial court in favor of

Harley-Davidson Credit Corporation is affirmed. All costs of this appeal are

assessed against Fred’s Automotive Repair & Wrecker Service, LLC.

AFFIRMED.

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