Joseph and Beverly Butcher v. Keith Hebert carpentry/vinyl Siding, Inc.

STATE OF LOUISIANA
COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT

06-672

JOSEPH AND BEVERLY BUTCHER

VERSUS

KEITH HEBERT CARPENTRY/VINYL SIDING, INC.

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APPEAL FROM THE
FIFTEENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT
PARISH OF VERMILION, NO. 74061
HONORABLE EDWARD D. RUBIN, DISTRICT JUDGE

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ULYSSES GENE THIBODEAUX
CHIEF JUDGE

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Court composed of Ulysses Gene Thibodeaux, Chief Judge, Marc T. Amy, and Glenn
B. Gremillion. Judges.

WRIT GRANTED AND MADE PEREMPTORY.

James Isaac Funderburk
Funderburk & Herpin
P. O. Drawer 1030
Abbeville, LA 70511-1030
Telephone: (337) 893-8140
COUNSEL FOR:
Plaintiffs/Respondents - Joseph Butcher and Beverly Butcher

Charles R. Sonnier
P. O. Drawer 700
Abbeville, LA 70511-0700
Telephone: (337) 893-5973
COUNSEL FOR:
Defendant/Applicant - Keith Hebert

Gregory Paul Touchet
416 West Main Street
Lafayette, LA 70502
Telephone: (337) 233-3075
COUNSEL FOR:
Defendant/Respondent - Chad Langham

Cole J. Griffin
Sonnier Law Firm
P. O. Drawer 700
Abbeville, LA 70511-0700
(337) 237-1660
COUNSEL FOR:
Defendant/Applicant - Keith Hebert

THIBODEAUX, CHIEF JUDGE.

The defendant-applicant, Keith Hebert (Hebert), filed a motion in the

trial court to have his corporation, Keith Hebert Carpentry/Vinyl Siding, Inc. (the

Corporation), reinstated to active status for the purpose of resolving ongoing

litigation. The Corporation had been dissolved by Hebert, in accordance with the

affidavit procedure set forth in La.R.S. 12:142.1, while a lawsuit against the

Corporation and the Corporation’s compulsory, reconventional demand were pending

in the trial court. The trial court denied the motion and Hebert now seeks supervisory

review of the trial court’s ruling. We find that the reinstatement of the Corporation

for the purpose of maintaining its pending litigation, which was instituted prior to the

Corporation’s voluntary dissolution, is a sufficient justification for reinstatement.

Therefore, we reverse and direct the trial court to issue an order directing the

Secretary of State to reinstate the Corporation.

I.

ISSUE

Did the trial court err in denying Hebert’s request to reinstate his

corporation for the sole purpose of prosecuting the corporation’s unresolved claims

that were instituted prior to the corporation’s voluntary dissolution?

II.

FACTUAL BACKGROUND

On February 25, 2000, Joseph and Beverly Butcher sued the Corporation

for damages arising out of the construction of their home. The Corporation

responded by filing a reconventional demand against the Butchers, alleging breach

of contract. Although the litigation had not yet been resolved, on March 13, 2001,

Hebert dissolved the Corporation by affidavit, pursuant to the summary procedure

permitted by La.R.S. 12:142.1.

On December 13, 2005, four years after the dissolution, the Butchers

amended their suit and added Hebert, individually, as a defendant in the pending

litigation. Shortly thereafter, on January 2, 2006, the Corporation, and later, Hebert,

filed a motion to have the Corporation reinstated.1 He claimed that the reinstatement

was needed so that the Corporation could maintain its pending lawsuit in its name.

He further explained that the act of voluntarily dissolving the Corporation prior to

resolution of the litigation was an “inadvertent” act carried out due to “the ill advice

of the Corporation’s CPA.” After a contradictory hearing on the motion, the trial

court denied the motion, finding that Hebert was impermissibly seeking the

reinstatement of the Corporation to avoid the potential for personal liability in the

pending action.

We consider this application for supervisory review to address the issue

of whether the trial court erred in failing to recognize that the Corporation’s desire

to maintain its litigation, that was filed before the dissolution occurred, is a lawful

and valid business purpose that warrants the reinstatement of the Corporation to

active status.

III.

LAW AND ARGUMENT

The Louisiana Business Corporation Law (LBCL) provides for the

voluntary or involuntary dissolution of corporations. La.R.S. 12:141. This case

involves the voluntary dissolution of a corporation. There are two procedures

1
The Motion to Reinstate the Identity of the Corporation was filed on January 2, 2006, by the
Corporation, but was amended on March 23, 2006, to reflect Hebert as the moving party.

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available for the voluntary dissolution of a corporation. La.R.S. 12:142; La.R.S.

12:142.1. Section 142(A) authorizes the commencement of voluntary dissolution of

a corporation by authorization of the majority of the shareholders or, if there are no

shareholders, by all of the incorporators. Section 142.1 allows for dissolution by

affidavit. This is the simplest dissolution procedure, requiring only an attestation in

the form of an affidavit by the shareholders or incorporator, stating that the

corporation is no longer doing business and owes no debts, and requesting that the

corporation be dissolved. The statute specifically states:

§ 142.1. Dissolution by affidavit

A. In addition to all other methods of dissolution, if
the corporation is not doing business and owes no debts, it
may be dissolved by filing an affidavit with the secretary
of state executed by the shareholders, or by the
incorporator if no shares have been issued, attesting to such
facts and requesting that the corporation be dissolved.
Thereafter, the shareholders, or the incorporator if no
shares have been issued, shall be personally liable for any
debts or claims, if any, against the corporation in
proportion to their ownership in the shares of the
corporation.

B. The secretary of state shall reinstate a corporation
which has been dissolved pursuant to this Section only
upon receipt of a court order directing him to so reinstate
the corporation.

La.R.S. 12:142.1.

The statute clearly imposes personal liability on a shareholder or

incorporator for the pending claims of corporation once dissolution by affidavit has

occurred. Id; see also, In re Reinstatement of North La. Well Serv. Co., Inc. 597

So.2d 160 (La.App. 2 Cir. 1992). The statute also clearly states that the court may

order reinstatement of a corporation after dissolution. Id. However, the legislature

has failed to offer any guidance to the courts as to what evidence is necessary or

sufficient for a court to order the reinstatement, and has not provided any language

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addressing the subsequent effects, if any, of corporate reinstatement on La.R.S.

12:142.1(A)’s automatic imposition of personal liability.

In this case, Hebert contends that the facts urged in support of the

reinstatement of his Corporation’s status are the same as those that were accepted as

a valid basis for reinstatement by the first circuit in In re Reinstatement of Venture

Associates, Inc. of La., 04-439 (La.App. 1 Cir. 2/11/05), 906 So.2d 498. In Venture,

the first circuit affirmed the trial court’s decision to order reinstatement of a

corporation that had been voluntarily dissolved by affidavit by its shareholders. Id.

The court found that the shareholders’ subsequent desire to maintain a lawsuit that

had been filed by the corporation prior to the dissolution was a valid and lawful

purpose for ordering reinstatement. Id. The Venture court reasoned that because

La.R.S. 12:148(C)2 states that actions by or against dissolved corporations do not

abate even though the corporate existence ceases as of the effective date of the

dissolution, Venture’s pending lawsuit did not end when it was dissolved; therefore,

“a practical and lawful purpose” for reinstating its corporate status existed—the

maintenance of the pending cause of action. Id.

The Butchers, on the other hand, opposed the reinstatement at trial,

arguing that Hebert’s sole purpose for seeking the reinstatement—to complete the

pending litigation—was an insufficient basis for the corporation’s reinstatement

because it would allow him to avoid personal liability for the Corporation’s debts that

2
§ 148. Certificate of dissolution; assets omitted from liquidation; post-dissolution
proceedings

....

C. Upon issuance of the certificate of dissolution, the corporate existence shall cease as of
the effective date stated in the certificate, except for the sole purpose of any action or suit
commenced thereto by, or commenced timely against, the corporation.

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attached to him when the Corporation was dissolved, as is mandated by La.R.S.

12:142.1(A). On appeal, they now concede that reinstatement of the corporate status

of the business, for the purpose of completing the pending litigation, may be lawful

under the circumstances. However, relying on La.R.S. 12:142.1(A), the Butchers

contend that even if the Corporation’s status is reinstated for that purpose, this court

should recognize that the reinstatement will not absolve Hebert, the shareholder, of

his personal liability for corporate debts, which, by law, he assumed when he

voluntarily dissolved the corporation.

We find the comments of the court in Venture, 906 So.2d 498, on the

effects of corporate dissolution insightful. Therein, the court recognized that the

legislature, pursuant to La.R.S. 12:148(C), provided for the maintenance of corporate

existence solely for the purpose of completing litigation instituted before dissolution.

Id. We also note, as was recognized by the second circuit, that this provision is

designed to protect creditors: “Section 142.1 is not superseded by, but rather

supplements, § 148C, by giving corporate creditors ‘extra protection . . . to deter

abuse’ of the expedited process for dissolution by affidavit.” North La. Well Serv.,

597 So.2d at 161; see also, Brunson Bonding & Ins. Agency, Inc. v. ELM, Inc., 540

So.2d 530 (La.App. 1 Cir.), writ denied, 541 So.2d 902 (La.1989). Consequently,

pending actions do not abate upon dissolution, and two options are available for

maintaining such lawsuits after dissolution has occurred: either the proper party must

be substituted in the case, pursuant to La.Code Civ.P. arts. 692 and 7003, or the

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Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure Article 692 states, in part:

Art. 692. Corporation, limited liability company, or partnership in receivership or
liquidation

A. Except as otherwise provided by law, the receiver or liquidator appointed for a domestic
or foreign corporation . . . by a court of this state is the proper plaintiff to sue to enforce a right of
the corporation . . . . These rules apply whether, under the law of its domicile, the existence of the
corporation . . . continues or is terminated.

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corporate status of the dissolved entity, must be retroactively reinstated so that it can

complete the litigation in its name. Venture, 906 So.2d 498.

Here, we find that because the request for reinstatement was for the

purpose of resolving pending litigation instituted before dissolution, the purpose for

seeking reinstatement was valid, and the trial court erred in denying the reinstatement

of corporate status in this case. However, we also find that the Louisiana Business

Corporation Law (LBCL) does not absolve a shareholder or incorporator, who has

voluntarily dissolved a corporation by affidavit, of the personal liability for

subsequent debts arising out of those claims brought against the entity, or which

could have been brought against it, prior to its dissolution. See Brunson, 540 So.2d

530. Therefore, although we find that Hebert’s request for reinstatement of the

corporate status should have been granted, we do not find that the reinstatement will

absolve him of any personal liability that may ultimately be imposed on the

Corporation. See La.R.S. 12:142.1(B).

IV.

CONCLUSION

For the foregoing reasons, this writ is granted and the ruling of the trial

court is reversed. The trial court is ordered to grant the motion to reinstate the

corporate status of Keith Hebert Carpentry/Vinyl Siding, Inc., and to issue an order

to the Louisiana Secretary of State directing him to reinstate the corporation to active

B. The receiver or liquidator may institute and prosecute any action without special
authorization from the court which appointed him.

Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure Article 700 states:

Art. 700. Authority or qualification of plaintiff suing in representative capacity

When a plaintiff sues as an agent to enforce a right of his principal, or as a legal
representative, his authority or qualification is presumed, unless challenged by the defendant by the
timely filing of a dilatory exception. When so challenged, the plaintiff shall prove his authority or
qualification on the trial of the exception.

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status, pursuant to La.R.S. 12:142.1(B). Costs of this writ application are assessed

to plaintiffs-respondents, Joseph and Beverly Butcher.

WRIT GRANTED AND MADE PEREMPTORY.

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