State in the Interest of H.J.B.

NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION

STATE OF LOUISIANA
COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT

18-160

STATE IN THE INTEREST

OF

H.J.B.

**********

APPEAL FROM THE
FIFTEENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT
PARISH OF LAFAYETTE, NO. JC-2015-931
HONORABLE THOMAS R. DUPLANTIER, DISTRICT JUDGE

**********

ELIZABETH A. PICKETT
JUDGE

**********

Court composed of Ulysses Gene Thibodeaux, Chief Judge, Marc T. Amy and
Elizabeth A. Pickett, Judges.

AFFIRMED.

Lloyd Dangerfield
Attorney at Law
703 E. University Ave.
Lafayette, LA 70503
(337) 232-7041
COUNSEL FOR APPELLANT:
D.B.

L. Antoinette Beard
825 Kaliste Saloom Road
Brandywine Bldg 3, Room 150
Lafayette, LA 70508
(337) 262-1555
COUNSEL FOR APPELLEE:
State of Louisiana, Department of Children and Family Services

PICKETT, Judge.

D.B.1 appeals the judgment of the trial court terminating his parental rights

to his son, H.J.B.

FACTS

The Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS) became involved

in this family’s life before the birth of H.J.B., the child at issue in this appeal. D.B.

and B.J.Z. were married and had a daughter, M.B. M.B. was removed from the

custody of the parents because of the drug dependency of the mother. Ultimately,

that case was resolved with M.B. being placed in the custody of D.B. At the time,

B.J.Z. and D.B. were living separately. In early 2015, while in treatment, B.J.Z.

discovered she was pregnant.

When H.J.B. was born on September 11, 2015, DCFS drafted a safety plan

whereby B.J.Z. and D.B. could visit H.J.B. but could not be left alone with him.

B.J.Z. violated that plan, and later tested positive for drugs. D.B. at the time failed

to submit to a drug screen. On November 20, 2015, an Instanter Order was issued

placing H.J.B. into temporary state custody. After a hearing on November 24,

2015, the trial court continued custody of H.J.B. with the state and designated him

a child in need of care. The child was placed with foster parents. B.J.Z. and D.B.

began working case plans with a goal of reunification. At the case review hearing

on October 25, 2016, the trial court changed the goal from reunification to

adoption.

On February 14, 2017, the state filed a Petition for Termination of Parental

Rights and Certification for Adoption seeking to terminate the parental rights of

both B.J.Z. and D.B. The petition alleged termination of parental rights was

appropriate pursuant to La.Ch.Code art. 1015(5) and 1015(6). At the hearing to
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The parties and the minor child are referred to by their initials to preserve their
anonymity in this confidential proceeding.

answer the petition on March 20, 2017, B.J.Z. stipulated to the termination of her

parental rights. D.B. denied the allegations of the petition, and the matter was set

for a hearing.

On October 18, 2017, the trial court held a hearing on the petition to

terminate D.B.’s parental rights. Following the close of evidence, the trial court

found that the state proved by clear and convincing evidence the grounds for

termination pursuant to La.Ch.Code 1015(6) and that termination of D.B.’s

parental rights was in the best interest of H.J.B. D.B. now appeals.

ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR

On appeal, D.B. assigns three errors:

1. The trial court erred in terminating the rights of D.B. where DCFS
failed to prove by clear and convincing evidence substantial non-
compliance when D.B. had substantially complied with the case plan.

2. The trial court erred in admitting the records from Dr. Lagarde over
objection, considering Dr. Lagarde’s opinion, and failing to consider
the opinion of Dr. Williams.

3. The trial court erred in terminating the rights of D.B. where DCFS
failed to prove by clear and convincing evidence that termination was
in the best interest of the child considering the familial connections
with the paternal side of the family.

DISCUSSION

The supreme court discussed the law applicable to an action by the state to

terminate parental rights in State ex rel. A.T., 06-501, p. 5 (La. 7/6/06), 936 So.2d

79, 82:

Title X of the Louisiana Children’s Code governs the
involuntary termination of parental rights. Permanent termination of
the legal relationship existing between natural parents and children is
one of the most drastic actions the State can take against its citizens.
However, the primary concern of the courts and the State remains to
determine and insure the best interest of the child, which includes
termination of parental rights if justifiable statutory grounds exist and
are proven by the State. State ex rel. S.M.W., 00-3277 (La.2/21/01),
781 So.2d 1223.

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....

In order to terminate parental rights, the court must find that the
State has established at least one of the statutory grounds by clear and
convincing evidence. State ex rel. J.A., 99-2905 (La.1/12/00), 752
So.2d 806, 811 (citing La. Ch. C. Art. 1035(A); Santosky v. Kramer, 455 U.S. 745, 102 S.Ct. 1388, 71 L.Ed.2d 599 (1982)). Further, even
upon finding that the State has met its evidentiary burden, a court still
must not terminate parental rights unless it determines that to do so is
in the child’s best interests. La. Ch. C. Art. 1039; State ex rel. G.J.L.,
00-3278 (La.6/29/01), 791 So.2d 80, 85.

On review, this court will not overturn the findings of fact of the trial court

in a termination proceeding unless the trial court committed manifest error or is

clearly wrong. See In re A.J.F., 00-948 (La. 6/30/00), 764 So.2d 47.

The trial court found that DCFS proved by clear and convincing evidence

the grounds for termination of La.Ch.Code art. 1015(6). Louisiana Children’s

Code article 1015 states, in pertinent part:

The grounds for termination of parental rights are:

(6) Unless sooner permitted by the court, at least one year has
elapsed since a child was removed from the parent’s custody pursuant
to a court order; there has been no substantial parental compliance
with a case plan for services which has been previously filed by the
department and approved by the court as necessary for the safe return
of the child; and despite earlier intervention, there is no reasonable
expectation of significant improvement in the parent’s condition or
conduct in the near future, considering the child’s age and his need for
a safe, stable, and permanent home.

Louisiana Children’s Code article 1036 states, in pertinent part:

C. Under Article 1015(6), lack of parental compliance with a case
plan may be evidenced by one or more of the following:

(1) The parent’s failure to attend court-approved
scheduled visitations with the child.

(2) The parent’s failure to communicate with the
child.

(3) The parent’s failure to keep the department
apprised of the parent’s whereabouts and significant
changes affecting the parent’s ability to comply with the
case plan for services.
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(4) The parent’s failure to contribute to the costs of
the child’s foster care, if ordered to do so by the court
when approving the case plan.

(5) The parent’s repeated failure to comply with
the required program of treatment and rehabilitation
services provided in the case plan.

(6) The parent’s lack of substantial improvement
in redressing the problems preventing reunification.

(7) The persistence of conditions that led to
removal or similar potentially harmful conditions.

D. Under Article 1015(6), lack of any reasonable expectation of
significant improvement in the parent’s conduct in the near future may
be evidenced by one or more of the following:

(1) Any physical or mental illness, mental
deficiency, substance abuse, or chemical dependency that
renders the parent unable or incapable of exercising
parental responsibilities without exposing the child to a
substantial risk of serious harm, based upon expert
opinion or based upon an established pattern of behavior.

(2) A pattern of repeated incarceration of the
parent that has rendered the parent unable to care for the
immediate and continuing physical or emotional needs of
the child for extended periods of time.

(3) Any other condition or conduct that reasonably
indicates that the parent is unable or unwilling to provide
an adequate permanent home for the child, based upon
expert opinion or based upon an established pattern of
behavior.

D.B.’s case plan, as approved by the trial court on four separate occasions,

included requirements that he maintain stable housing. He was required to provide

proof of income. He was required to make parental contributions of $25 each

month to DCFS and provide proof of payment to his case worker. He had to

submit to random drug screens. He had to attend regular visits with the H.J.B. He

was also required to undergo a substance abuse assessment and a mental health

assessment and comply with any recommendations made as a result of these

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assessments. Finally, D.B. was required to attend a parenting class and

demonstrate an ability to parent his child. In his later case plans, D.B. was

required to sign a release for the DCFS to review his medical records, specifically

those related to his mental health.

In the last case plan approved before the termination hearing, DCFS notes

that D.B. completed the parenting class requirement. He had submitted to two

mental health assessments, with Dr. Henry Lagarde and Mr. Anthony Williams.

D.B. listed his address as a home in Sunset. His case worker, Tammy

Handy of DCFS, testified that while this home was adequate, she was concerned he

did not actually live in the home. She never saw D.B. at that home when she made

unannounced visits. The only time she saw D.B. at the home was when she

scheduled visits with D.B. D.B. explained that he usually left his house in Sunset

early in the morning to go to his parents’ house in Breaux Bridge. He stated that

he spent most of the day at his parents’ house assisting with the care of his three

children who lived with his parents. Ms. Handy noted that on one occasion she left

a note on the door of the house in Sunset one afternoon and returned the next

morning to find the note untouched. Further, Michelle Guidry, who taught the

parenting class to D.B. as an employee of The Extra Mile Family Resource Center,

testified that they met at his parents’ house in Breaux Bridge because that is where

D.B. lived.

D.B. provided proof of income. He failed to provide proof to DCFS of his

monthly support payments of $25. According to his case plan, he was required to

send a money order to an office in Baton Rouge and provide proof of that payment

to his caseworker. Only once did D.B. provide proof of payment, when his

caseworker helped him mail the payment to Baton Rouge. At trial, D.B.

introduced evidence of nine money orders he claims showed payment of support.
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From the date of his first case plan in April 2016 to the date of the judgment

terminating D.B.’s parental rights in November 2017, those receipts represent only

about half of the payments D.B. was required to make in nineteen months. The

trial court found that D.B. was not compliant with this element of his case plan,

and we find no error in that finding.

From the time H.J.B. was taken into state custody, there were fifty-three

scheduled visits between D.B. and H.J.B. D.B. missed twenty-eight of those visits.

The record shows that D.B. became more compliant with visitation as time went

on, once a paternity test confirmed that he was the father and the case plan goal

was changed from reunification to termination of parental rights and adoption. The

record shows also that the interaction between D.B. and H.J.B. was strained.

H.J.B. would cry unless his foster mother was present during visitation. His case

worker, Tammy Handy, testified that he was unable to demonstrate the skills he

learned at parenting classes during his visits with H.J.B.

Katie Thibeaux, the family resource counselor from The Extra Mile who

facilitated Visit Coaching, testified that D.B.’s file with The Extra Mile for Visit

Coaching was closed for three reasons. First, she stated that he repeatedly brought

a violent toy to the visits with H.J.B. despite being informed that they were not

allowed. The brightly colored toy at issue does not resemble a real weapon,

though it does shoot a projectile. While we find the specific toy is not necessarily

harmful or cause for concern, D.B.’s inability to follow simple instructions is a

pattern of behavior in this case. Second, D.B. refused to comply with H.J.B.’s

special food needs when bringing snacks. D.B. did bring snacks that the foster

mother did not approve, and D.B. claimed the foster parent was trying to control

him. Ms. Thibeaux did testify that D.B. was aware of H.J.B.’s cinnamon allergy

and did not bring snacks that contained cinnamon. Finally, Ms. Thibeaux testified
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that D.B. brought too many family members to the Visit Coaching, though none

were actually able to interact with the child. The record shows that there was some

confusion about a court order allowing D.B.’s family to visit for a short period of

time during regular visitation and the Visit Coaching, which was strictly between

D.B. and H.J.B.

The larger concern is Ms. Thibeaux’s testimony that D.B. failed to make eye

contact with H.J.B. during visits. Further, D.B. failed to notice and correct

dangerous behaviors or situations, such as leaving an open soda bottle on the floor

or not stopping H.J.B. from attempting to stick things into electrical outlets or his

nose. Whether because of D.B.’s failure to attend regular visits with his son when

H.J.B. was an infant or D.B.’s own mental health issues, it is clear that D.B. and

H.J.B. did not establish a strong bond.

Ms. Handy discovered during the course of this case that D.B. received

treatment through Biltmore Health Services. The records from Biltmore Health

Services show that D.B. has been diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder and

anxiety disorder. He has been on psychotropic medications since he was fourteen

years old. He has had hallucinations and suicidal ideations. D.B. testified that he

was prescribed Xanax, Invega, and Trazodone. Amanda Eaglin, a mental health

specialist with Biltmore Health Services, testified that D.B. has been her client for

more than two years. Among the services she provides is helping him take his

medication as prescribed. Ms. Handy testified that D.B.’s father manages D.B.’s

medication. While D.B. failed to submit to drug screens at times, Ms. Handy

testified that abuse of illegal substances were not an issue for D.B. at the time of

the trial.

Anthony Williams, a licensed professional counselor, saw D.B. twice in

early 2016 for a mental health evaluation. Mr. Williams testified that he believed
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H.J.B. should be reunited with D.B. as expeditiously as possible. He did not

believe that D.B. would put H.J.B. in jeopardy and H.J.B. should be with his

father. Mr. Williams also testified that he never met with the child, had no

information on the previous diagnosis of D.B., did not know about the medications

D.B. was prescribed, and did not know D.B. had three other children who lived

with D.B.’s parents. Ms. Handy testified that DCFS did not follow Mr. Williams’s

recommendation of reunification because she could not confirm where D.B.

actually resided, where the child would reside, the parenting skills of D.B., and

D.B.’s protective capacity for H.J.B. We find no error in the trial court’s failure to

give weight to Mr. Williams’s opinion.

After receiving Mr. Williams’s report, DCFS referred D.B. to Dr. Henry

Lagarde for a mental health evaluation. Dr. Lagarde’s report did not recommend

reunification. D.B. objected to the admission of Dr. Lagarde’s report, which the

trial court overruled, finding that it was a certified medical record and thus

admissible. D.B. argues in his second assignment of error that the trial court’s

ruling was error and denied him the right to cross-examine Dr. Lagarde, citing

Barker v. Barker, 14-775 (La.App. 1 Cir. 11/7/14), 167 So.3d 703. Barker

involved a custody battle between two parents and specifically implicated La.R.S.

9:331, which requires a mental health professional to testify in a custody case.

This is a termination proceeding, not a custody dispute, so La.R.S. 9:331 does not

apply to this case. We find no error in the trial court’s consideration of the report

of Dr. Lagarde.

Considering the totality of the evidence presented, we find no manifest error

in the judgment of the trial court finding that the state proved, by clear and

convincing evidence, that D.B. failed to comply substantially with his case plan

and there is no reasonable expectation of significant improvement in D.B.’s
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conduct. We therefore affirm the trial court’s finding that the grounds for

termination of parental rights pursuant to La.Ch.Code art. 1015(6) were proved in

this case.

In his third assignment of error, D.B. argues that the trial court erred in

finding that the termination of D.B.’s parental rights is not in the best interest of

H.J.B. D.B. argues that termination of his parental rights will deprive H.J.B. of a

relationship with his father, siblings, and extended family. The evidence shows

that H.J.B. has been placed in a stable adoptive resource home since he was taken

into the state’s custody in November 2015. His siblings live with their

grandparents, not D.B. D.B. has not shown that he will be able to care for H.J.B.

without a great deal of family support. The record shows that because of his

mental illness and need for medication, D.B. requires assistance from his family

and other sources just to care for himself. The trial court did not err in finding that

the best interests of H.J.B. are served by termination of parental rights so that he

can be adopted.

CONCLUSION

The judgment of the trial court is affirmed. Costs of this appeal are assessed

to the appellant, D.B.

AFFIRMED.

This opinion is NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION.
Uniform Rules—Courts of Appeal, Rule 2–16.3.

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