In Re: P.C.C. and V.R.C. for Intra-Family Adoption of N.L.B.

NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION

STATE OF LOUISIANA
COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT

22-742 consolidated with 22-772

IN RE: P.C.C. AND

V.R.C. FOR THE INTRA-FAMILY

ADOPTION OF N.L.B.

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APPEAL FROM THE
THIRTY-SIXTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT
PARISH OF BEAUREGARD, NO. A-2022-0012
HONORABLE C. KERRY ANDERSON, DISTRICT JUDGE

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GUY E. BRADBERRY
JUDGE

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Court composed of Candyce G. Perret, Guy E. Bradberry, and Wilbur L. Stiles,
Judges.

AFFIRMED.

David L. Wallace
518 North Pine Street
DeRidder, LA 70634
(337) 462-0473
COUNSEL FOR APPELLEES:
P.C.C.
V.R.C.

Michael Scott Harper
105 North Stewart Street
DeRidder, LA 70634
(337) 436-5532
COUNSEL FOR OTHER APPELLEE:
N.L.B. - child

James Edward Sudduth III
Sudduth & Associates
1109 Pithon Street
Lake Charles, LA 70601
(337) 480-0101
COUNSEL FOR APPELLANT:
J.L.B. - father

BRADBERRY, Judge.

J.L.B. appeals the decision of the trial court below terminating his parental

rights and approving the intrafamily adoption of N.L.B. by his maternal grandparents,

P.C.C. and V.R.C. (herein after collectively referred to as “the grandparents”). For

the following reasons, we hereby affirm the decision of the trial court.

The facts surrounding this case began in February of 2019, when J.L.B.

severely beat his child, N.L.B. J.L.B. was initially charged with felony child abuse,

and custody was granted by the trial court to the grandparents. J.L.B. was denied

visitation with N.L.B., as the trial court found the best interest of the child lay in

separation from his father and that visitation would result in substantial harm to the

child. In denying visitation, the trial court noted that N.L.B. suffered severe bruising

over most of his lower body, lost consciousness, and even suffered difficulty

breathing, to the point that 911 needed to be called.

Roughly three years later, the grandparents filed a petition for intrafamily

adoption. J.L.B. did not file a timely objection, and the trial court terminated his

parental rights. At the hearing for the adoption, a then fifteen-year old N.L.B. voiced

his desire to be adopted by his grandparents and to change his name. The trial court

granted the grandparents’ petition for adoption and ordered that N.L.B.’s name be

officially changed to that of the grandparents. From that decision, J.L.B. appeals.

On appeal, J.L.B. asserts two assignments of error. He first claims that the

trial court erred in granting the petition for adoption, asserting it lacked statutorily

required information. Secondly, he claims the trial court erred in granting the

adoption without considering his untimely filed opposition. We disagree.

J.L.B. first claims the trial court erred in granting the petition for adoption,

asserting that the petition failed to list the address of the grandmother, V.R.C., as

required by Louisiana Children’s Code Article 1246. That article reads, in pertinent

part: “The petition or an attached exhibit shall state: (1) The full name, address, age,

occupation, and marital status of each petitioner.” La.Ch.Code art. 1246 (emphasis

ours). The petition here clearly lists the grandfather’s address, but V.R.C.’s is not

specifically stated. However, the petition is crystal clear, on multiple occasions, that

the grandparents are married and have been since 1990, clearly indicating that the

couple resides in the same home. Moreover, J.L.B. was fully factually aware the

couple lived at the same address, as he had known the couple raising his child for

years before this case began. Further, the trial court, who worked on this case for

multiple years, was also aware of the couple’s living situation.

J.L.B. cites In re T.M.L., 06-1442, p.3 (La.App. 1 Cir. 12/28/06), 951 So.2d

364, 366, for the proposition that “adoption is a creature of statute and all of the

statutory requirements must be strictly carried out otherwise the adoption is an

absolute nullity.” However, in that matter, the first circuit noted that the “Louisiana

Children’s Code article 1255 also mandates that the basic consideration of the court

with regard to intrafamily adoptions ‘shall be the best interests of the child’[,]” and

that in a disputed case such as that one, the child’s individual best interests required

protection by independent legal representation. Id. There, the trial court had not

appointed independent counsel to represent the child, a much more serious

consideration than the failure to list a redundant and known address. Accordingly,

we find that case inapplicable to the matter at hand.

Likewise, J.L.B. cites In re Boyd for Intra Family Adoption of A.E.C., 54,807

(La.App. 2 Cir. 9/21/22), 349 So.3d 1035, for the proposition the trial court abused

its discretion when it granted the intrafamily adoption, where all statutory

requirements were allegedly not complied with. However, we also find that case to

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be distinguishable, as in that matter, the crucial issue was that the mother was not

given the special adoption notice required by La.Ch.Code art. 1247 and, therefore,

did not know she was required to respond within fifteen days. Here, J.L.B. received

the required notice, and as we will address later, was fully aware of the time to file

an opposition. And again, the error in that matter was a much graver error than the

failure to list a redundant address.

Instead, we find State ex rel. S.M., 08-362 (La.App. 1 Cir. 7/9/08), 992 So.2d

1085, more analogous. There, the father asserted that because the Department of

Social Services failed to attach a certified copy of the child’s birth certificate to the

motion to declare parental rights terminated, the order decreeing the child eligible

for adoption should have been reversed. The first circuit disagreed, holding that

while the required copy of the birth certificate was not properly attached to the

motion, it was filed into the record elsewhere, prior to the motion to declare parental

rights terminated. As the birth certificate had been filed into the record, it was

available to the court to examine prior to its rendition of judgment, and no prejudicial

error existed.

The basic consideration in an intrafamily adoption shall be the best interests

of the child. La.Ch.Code art. 1255. When a court has granted custody to the child’s

grandparents, as here, there shall be a rebuttable presumption that this adoption is in

the best interests of the child. Id. We note that J.L.B. does not dispute in any way

the trial court’s finding that the adoption of N.L.B. was in the best interests of the

N.L.B., but his argument hinges solely on an alleged minor technical omission in the

pleadings.

As noted above, while V.R.C.’s address is not specifically stated, it can be

plainly inferred from the pleadings. Moreover, J.L.B. had known the grandparents

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for years and specifically knew their living arrangements. He absolutely knew

V.R.C.’s address and has set forth no issues with contacting her for service or the

like. J.L.B. did not raise any issue regarding the sufficiency of the petition at the

trial court below, further indicating the technical omission caused him no harm.

Furthermore, as in State ex rel. S.M., 992 So.2d 1085, V.R.C.’s address is listed

elsewhere in the record before the trial court, on the Office of Community Services

Child Abuse/Neglect Records Check form. We cannot find that the failure to list an

address that J.L.B. fully knew arose to a prejudicial error, particularly when it could

clearly be inferred from the language of the petition itself, where it could be found

by the trial court elsewhere in the record, and especially where the adoption being

in the best interest of the child remains unchallenged. We find no merit in this

assignment of error.

Next, J.L.B. asserts that the trial court erred in granting the grandparents’

petition for intrafamily adoption without considering his untimely filed opposition.

Again, we disagree.

It is uncontroverted that J.L.B. was served the petition for adoption on June

24, 2022. Louisiana Children’s Code Article 1137(A) (emphasis ours) states that a

father:

may oppose the adoption of his child by filing a clear and written
declaration of intention to oppose the adoption. The notice of
opposition shall be filed with the court . . . within fifteen days . . .
from the time he was served with notice of the filing of an adoption
petition.

It also is uncontroverted that fifteen days from service of the petition fell on

July 9, 2022, a Saturday. Thus, J.L.B. had until the end of July 11, 2022, to properly

file his opposition. “If no opposition is timely received by the court, the court shall,

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upon motion, render an order declaring the rights of the parents terminated.”

La.Ch.Code art. 1142(A)(emphasis ours).

J.L.B. cites Lloyd v. Monroe Transit Auth. ex rel. City of Monroe, 50,292, p.8

(La.App. 2 Cir. 1/13/16), 185 So.3d 866, 870, writ denied, 16-277 (La. 4/8/16), 191

So.3d 585, for the proposition that “the fax transmission need not be received during

regular working hours so long as a transmission occurred before midnight on the

final date for the running of a prescriptive period.” However, we find that

prescription case distinguishable from the matter at hand, as issues with the clerk’s

fax machines prevented a proper transmission from occurring. No such issues

occurred here. Similarly, in Stevenson v. Progressive Sec. Ins. Co., 19-637 (La.

4/3/20), 341 So.3d 1202, also cited by J.L.B., the clerk turned off his fax machine

prior to the midnight deadline, preventing what would have otherwise been a

successful fax transmission. Again, the clerk here had no problems with his fax

machine that prevented J.L.B. from timely filing. Instead, the issues here were of

his own making.

Counsel for J.L.B. attempted to fax file the opposition multiple times,

including three attempts on July 11. However, J.L.B.’s own evidence shows that all

attempts were sent to an incorrect and/or incomplete phone number, and that the

attempted facsimile filing was not transmitted to the clerk’s office by the required

time of midnight on July 11. J.L.B. never received the statutorily required fax

confirmation receipt or statement of the fees for the facsimile filing, as no document

was ever received by the clerk of court via fax - because none was ever properly

submitted. Counsel for J.L.B. was clearly aware there was some issue with the fax,

as the record clearly shows counsel knew the first attempt failed, and multiple

attempts would not have been made on July 11 had they expected the fax

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transmission to have been successful. However, no attempts were made to contact

the clerk’s office to clear up the issue, nor was there any attempt to physically deliver

the opposition in a timely manner. Instead, the opposition was mailed to the clerk

of court and was not received until July 15, 2022, clearly after the time allowed to

file. “La. R.S. 13:850 provides that a filing is not deemed complete until the clerk

of court receives the facsimile transmission.” Stevenson, 341 So.3d at 1207

(emphasis ours). The clerk here simply never received any transmission, as none

was ever properly sent. When the mailed copy arrived on July 15, it was clearly

untimely. Again, “[i]f no opposition is timely received by the court, the court shall . . .

render an order declaring the rights of the parents terminated.” La.Ch.Code art.

1142(A). We can find no error in the decision of the trial court finding the opposition

untimely.

For the above reasons,, the decision of the trial court granting the intrafamily

adoption of N.L.B. is hereby affirmed. Costs of this appeal are hereby assessed

against J.L.B.

AFFIRMED.

This opinion is NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION.
Uniform Rules—Courts of Appeal, Rule 2-16.3.

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