State of Louisiana v. Ryan Christopher Cole

NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION

STATE OF LOUISIANA
COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT

KA 18-26

STATE OF LOUISIANA

VERSUS

RYAN CHRISTOPHER COLE

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APPEAL FROM THE
THIRTY-FIRST JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT
PARISH OF JEFFERSON DAVIS, NO. CR-116-17-1
HONORABLE CRAIG STEVE GUNNELL, DISTRICT JUDGE

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JOHN E. CONERY
JUDGE

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Court composed of Sylvia R. Cooks, Billy Howard Ezell, and John E. Conery,
Judges.

CONVICTION AND SENTENCE AFFIRMED.
MOTION TO WITHDRAW GRANTED.

Paula Corley Marx
Louisiana Appellate Project
Post Office Box 82389
Lafayette, Louisiana 70598
(337) 991-9757
COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANT/APPELLANT:
Ryan Christopher Cole

Michael Cade Cassidy
District Attorney
Bennett R. Lapoint
Assistant District Attorney
31st Judicial District Court
Post Office Box 1388
Jennings, Louisiana 70546
(337) 824-1893
COUNSEL FOR APPELLEE:
State of Louisiana

CONERY, Judge.

Defendant, Ryan Christopher Cole, was charged by indictment filed on

February 15, 2017, with second degree murder, a violation of La.R.S. 14:30.1. On

September 26, 2017, Defendant pled guilty to the lesser included offense of

manslaughter, a violation of La.R.S. 14:31. As part of the plea, the State agreed to

the following:

If the defendant receives a sentence of at least 20 years at hard labor,
the state has agreed that we will dismiss the charges that are related to
this matter, which are the burglary of an inhabited dwelling in CR-13-
17, illegal possession of stolen things in CR-17-17, and the second
degree battery in CR-238-17.

A sentencing hearing was held on October 30, 2017, and the court ordered

Defendant to serve twenty-six years at hard labor. As agreed, the State dismissed

the pending charges in docket numbers CR-13-17, CR-17-17, and CR-238-17. A

motion to reconsider sentence was filed on November 3, 2017, which was

subsequently denied. A motion for appeal and designation of record was also filed

on November 3, 2017 and was granted.

Defendant’s appellate counsel has filed a brief pursuant to Anders v.

California, 386 U.S. 738, 87 S.Ct. 1396 (1967), alleging the record contains no

non-frivolous issues for appeal and requests this court grant her accompanying

motion to withdraw. Defendant was advised, via certified mail, that counsel filed

an Anders brief. Defendant was given until March 19, 2018, to file a pro se brief.

For the following reasons we affirm Defendant’s conviction and sentence, and

grant appellate counsel’s motion to withdraw.

FACTS:

Defendant murdered Dedrick Gant on October 30, 2016, but Mr. Gant’s

body was not discovered until November 23, 2016. The cause of death was

gunshot wounds to the head. The murder weapon was found at Defendant’s home.

Additionally, several witnesses saw Defendant and his co-defendant with Gant on

the night Gant was murdered; the co-defendant implicated Defendant as the person

who shot Gant; and Defendant admitted his involvement to at least one cellmate.

ERRORS PATENT:

In accordance with La.Code Crim.P. art. 920, all appeals are reviewed for

errors patent on the face of the record. After reviewing the record, we find there

are no errors patent.

ANDERS ANALYSIS:

Pursuant to Anders, 386 U.S. 738, Defendant’s appellate counsel filed a brief

stating she made a conscientious and thorough review of the trial court record and

could find no errors that would support reversal of Defendant’s conviction or

sentence on appeal. Thus, counsel seeks to withdraw.

In State v. Benjamin, 573 So.2d 528, 531 (La.App. 4 Cir. 1990), the fourth

circuit explained the Anders analysis:

When appointed counsel has filed a brief indicating that no
non-frivolous issues and no ruling arguably supporting an appeal were
found after a conscientious review of the record, Anders requires that
counsel move to withdraw. This motion will not be acted on until [the
appellate] court performs a thorough independent review of the record
after providing the appellant an opportunity to file a brief in his or her
own behalf. [The appellate] court’s review of the record will consist
of (1) a review of the bill of information or indictment to insure the
defendant was properly charged; (2) a review of all minute entries to
insure the defendant was present at all crucial stages of the
proceedings, the jury composition and verdict were correct and the
sentence is legal; (3) a review of all pleadings in the record; (4) a
review of the jury sheets; and (5) a review of all transcripts to
determine if any ruling provides an arguable basis for appeal. Under
C.Cr.P. art. 914.1(D) [the appellate c]ourt will order that the appeal
record be supplemented with pleadings, minute entries and transcripts
when the record filed in [the appellate c]ourt is not sufficient to
perform this review.

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Counsel’s Anders brief must ‘“assure the court that the indigent defendant’s

constitutional rights have not been violated.’ McCoy [v. Court of Appeals of

Wisconsin], 486 U.S. [429], 442, 108 S.Ct. [1895], 1903 [(1988)].” State v. Jyles,

96-2669, p. 2 (La. 12/12/97), 704 So.2d 241, 241. Hence, counsel’s Anders brief

must provide “a detailed and reviewable assessment for both the defendant and the

appellate court of whether the appeal is worth pursuing in the first place.” State v.

Mouton, 95-981, p. 2 (La. 4/28/95), 653 So.2d 1176, 1177.

In her Anders brief, Defendant’s counsel addresses the procedural history

and the facts of the case. She notes that Defendant was present in court and

represented by counsel at all crucial stages of the proceedings. Defendant signed a

plea form that was made a part of the record, agreed to the factual basis presented

by the State at the time he entered his plea, was properly Boykinized, and entered a

knowing and intelligent plea. Counsel acknowledges that a valid guilty plea

waives all non-jurisdictional defects, citing State v. Myles, 04-264 (La.App. 3 Cir.

9/29/04), 882 So.2d 1254, and State v. Smith, 04-338 (La.App. 3 Cir. 9/29/04), 883

So.2d 505.

Counsel affirms that sentencing delays were observed, and the sentence

imposed is not excessive for a seventeen year old first offender. She notes that

Defendant was originally charged with second degree murder, which carries a

sentence of life imprisonment. He was also charged with three other felonies,

burglary of an inhabited dwelling, illegal possession of stolen things, and second

degree battery, that were dismissed as part of the plea agreement. She further

declares that mid-to-high range sentences have been upheld in other manslaughter

cases, citing State v. Cushman, 94-336 (La.App. 3 Cir. 11/2/94), 649 So.2d 639,

writ denied, 95-2045 (La. 3/7/97), 689 So.2d 1370 (affirmed a twenty-one year old

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first offender’s thirty-year manslaughter sentence for the death of his seventeen

month old son); State v. Jefferson, 02-1159 (La.App. 4 Cir. 12/4/02), 834 So.2d

572 (affirmed a twenty-five year sentence for manslaughter under La.Code Crim.P.

art. 893.3 when the defendant shot the victim during an argument); State v. Pegues,

10-1626 (La. 2/18/11), 56 So.3d 223 (affirmed a first offender’s forty-year

sentence for killing a sheriff’s deputy); State v. Sepulvado, 10-435 (La.App. 3 Cir.

3/9/11), 59 So.3d 463, writ denied, 11-1151 (La. 11/14/11), 75 So.3d 941 (affirmed

a thirty-year sentence for a twenty-six year old defendant with a prior conviction

for attempted distribution of a schedule II drug); and State v. Lewis, 09-1404 (La.

10/22/10), 48 So.3d 1073 (reinstated a thirty-year sentence for a sixteen year old

defendant who shot a friend in the head).

Counsel proclaims she cannot argue that the trial court abused its discretion

when imposing the sentence at issue or that a twenty-six year sentence is

constitutionally excessive considering the facts of the crime and the benefit

received by Defendant when the State reduced the charge to manslaughter and

dismissed other pending charges. Further, the trial judge’s reasons for sentencing

reflect consideration of Defendant’s age, his first-offender status, and the facts of

the crime.

Appellate counsel reviewed Defendant’s plea form and notes it stated a

presentence investigation report (PSI) would be ordered, the court clarified on the

record the PSI would be limited to a criminal history report, and there was no

objection to that limitation. However, at sentencing, defense counsel objected to

the lack of information in the PSI and errors contained therein. Appellate counsel

confirms that ordering a PSI is discretionary under La.Code Crim.P. art. 875(A)(1),

which states: “If a defendant is convicted of a felony offense . . . the court may

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order the Department of Public Safety and Corrections . . . to make a presentence

investigation.” See also State v. Bell, 09-201 (La.App. 4 Cir. 7/22/09), 16 So.3d

1191. The record supports the sentence imposed, and Defendant’s motion to

reconsider sentence did not include the lack of a full PSI as error. Thus, appellate

counsel found no appealable issue as to Defendant’s sentence.

Appellate counsel asserts Defendant was properly advised of the time

limitation for filing post-conviction relief at the time of his guilty plea, and written

notice was provided. Counsel shows that at sentencing the trial judge advised

Defendant that he had two years from the date his conviction and sentence became

final to seek post-conviction relief. Counsel asserts that even if the trial court had

failed to inform Defendant of the proper period at sentencing, an appealable issue

would not have been created. In support of this assertion, counsel cites State v.

Cooley, 15-40 (La.App. 3 Cir. 6/3/15), 165 So.3d 1237, 1239 n.1, wherein this

court found the trial court gave Defendant insufficient advice as the time limitation

for seeking post-conviction relief when it said Defendant had thirty days to appeal

and two years to file an application for post-conviction relief. This court noted

Defendant signed a waiver of constitutional rights that properly advised him of the

prescriptive period set out in La.Code Crim.P. art. 930.8. Thus, this court did not

recognize the insufficient advisement at sentencing as an error patent. Appellate

counsel further notes that in State v. Thompson, 39,454, 39,455 (La.App. 2 Cir.

3/2/05), 894 So.2d 1268, the second circuit held that failure to advise Defendant of

the time for filing post-conviction relief does not bestow an enforceable right upon

Defendant, and failure to advise is not grounds to vacate a sentence and remand the

matter for resentencing.

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We confirmed appellate counsel’s claim that there was no objection when

the trial court limited the PSI to Defendant’s criminal history and trial counsel’s

subsequent objection to the PSI at sentencing. Trial counsel’s failure to object to

the limiting of the PSI at the time it was ordered waived any claim Defendant may

have had. La.Code Crim.P. art. 841. Furthermore, trial counsel was allowed to

present any relevant information to the trial court at sentencing.

We have reviewed the record to determine whether Defendant was properly

informed of the prescriptive period for filing post-conviction relief. During the

plea colloquy, Defendant was asked about a form he signed titled “Prescriptive

Period for Seeking Post-Conviction Relief.” The form set forth the portion of

La.Code Crim.P. art. 930.8 stating that a defendant has “two years after the

judgment of conviction and sentence has become final” to seek post-conviction

relief. Defendant affirmed that his attorney reviewed the form with him. At the

sentencing hearing, the court then advised Defendant that he had two years from

the date his conviction and sentence became final to seek post-conviction relief.

Based on this court’s ruling in Cooley, 165 So.3d 1237, any alleged error regarding

the failure of the trial court to properly inform Defendant of the provisions of

La.Code Crim.P. art. 930.8 when pronouncing the formal sentence would be

frivolous.

Pursuant to Anders, 386 U.S. 738, and Benjamin, 573 So.2d 528, we have

performed a thorough review of the record, including the transcripts, pleadings,

minute entries, and the charging instrument. Defendant was properly charged in an

indictment. He was present and represented by counsel at all crucial stages of the

proceedings. Defendant pled guilty to the reduced charge of manslaughter in this

case, and his plea was freely and voluntarily entered after he was advised of his

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rights pursuant to Boykin v. Alabama, 395 U.S. 238 (1969). The entry of that plea

waived all pre-plea non-jurisdictional defects. See State v. Washington, 10-413, p.

4 (La.App. 3 Cir. 11/3/10), 50 So.3d 274. Furthermore, the sentence imposed for

manslaughter was legal and an argument for excessive sentence on this conviction

would be frivolous.

We have found no issues which would support an assignment of error on

appeal. Accordingly, Defendant’s conviction and sentence are affirmed and

appellate counsel’s motion to withdraw is granted.

CONVICTION AND SENTENCE AFFIRMED.
MOTION TO WITHDRAW GRANTED.

This opinion is NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION. Uniform
Rules—Courts of Appeal. Rule 2-16.3.

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